How many official countries are in Europe today?

Answer 1

It depends on how you define "country", how you define "Europe", and for that matter, how you define "in".

Some islands and island groups are generally considered to be part of Europe. The U.K. is as European as can be, but Iceland is also an offshore island, and it's pretty far off shore.

The boundary between Europe and Asia follows the Bosporus and Dardanelles from the Mediterranean to the Black Sea. Then it follows the crest line of the Caucasus Mountains to the Caspian Sea. Then it turns north again, up the Ural River to the Ural Mountains. Now, if you look at a mountain range in 3-D, you see it has lots of separate lumps. Where would you draw the crest line? You would probably want it to go through the very highest point, but how would you choose the next lump to connect it to on each side? For that reason, it's debatable whether Georgia is part, all, or none in Europe. In the days of the Soviet Union, most people assumed the boundary between the USSR and Iran was the boundary between Asia and Europe, so that would include Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan. The line between Europe and Asia definitely splits two countries (Russian Federation and Turkey), and may split some others.

It's a political issue whether Cyprus is European or Asian. It is divided between a Turkish section and a Greek section. The Turks want it to be considered Asian, and the Greeks, European (generally speaking).

Then we get into the question of dependencies. For example, the Faroe Islands are a county of Denmark with limited autonomy. So are the Faroe Islands and Denmark one country or two?

In summary, there are 41 independent countries that are in Europe by anybody's definition. Seven of them are called "microstates" because of their tiny population and area. There are seven more countries that are partly in Europe and partly in Asia, or could be, depending on your definitions. There are three more island nations (Cyprus, Iceland, Malta) that are often considered part of Europe. And there are seven more territories that may or may not be considered separate countries; all of them are islands except Gibraltar. So if you're as generous as possible, you would say 57 countries in Europe.

Because of geopolitical changes, the number of countries in Europe has grown by 19 in the last 20 years.

Answer 2

12

Answer 3

50

Answer 4

45

Answer 5

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