what is competent cell?

Answer 1

Competent cells are bacteria which can accept extra-chromosomal DNA or plasmids. Cells can be made competent in several ways. One such way is to "shock" it, which involves cooling the bacteria in a Calcium Chloride bath at 0 degrees Celsius, then quickly heating it to around 47 degrees Celsius for approximately 90 seconds (too long will denature the cell membrane, killing the bacteria). The calcium chloride ions neutralize the repulsion between the negatively charged phospholipid heads of the cell membrane and the negatively charged phosphate groups on the DNA. The quick heat shock creates a thermal gradient which, in turn, creates a draft leading into the cell, allowing extra-chromosomal DNA (such as plasmids) to enter the cell, allowing the bacterium to be genetically modifed.

Answer 2

What Are Competent Cells

Answer 3

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Answer 4

competent cells are bacteria which can accept extra-chromosomal DNA or plasmids. Cells can be made competent in several ways. One such way is to "shock" it, which involves cooling the bacteria in a Calcium Chloride bath at 0 degrees Celsius, then quickly heating it to around 47 degrees Celsius for approximately 90 seconds (too long will denature the cell membrane, killing the bacteria). The calcium chloride ions neutralize the repulsion between the negatively charged phospholipid heads of the cell membrane and the negatively charged phosphate groups on the DNA. The quick heat shock creates a thermal gradient which, in turn, creates a draft leading into the cell, allowing extra-chromosomal DNA (such as plasmids) to enter the cell, allowing the bacterium to be genetically modifed.

In addition cells are most competent during their mid-log phase. In an inoculum of E. coli cells, competent cells are found at an absorbancy of 0.25 using a standard spectrophotmeter at 660 nm. The time required to reach mid-log, thus competent cells, depends on the size of the initial inoculum.

Answer 5

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These terms are unrelated. A cell can be both competent and a host, or can only be one of the above, or neither. Competent cells are just able to incorporate foreign DNA into their genome. Host cells are "hijacked" by viruses and are forced to express the DNA. It is usually the case that the host cell does not want foreign DNA, where as competent cells usually don't mind the extra plasmids.

Answer 6

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what is competent cell?

Answer 7

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