describe how the motion of the molecules changes as subtances changes from solid to liquid and liquid to gas?

Answer 1

In the solid state, the motion of the particles is very slow, it can only vibrate from side to side on their fixed positon. However, when it melts, it turned into a liquid. Its particles start to vibrate more, thus, creating a faster motion. When the liquid is further heated (evaporation state), its motion is very fast as the particles vibrate more and they are able to move freely in all direction.

Answer 2

Many solids (ice, pure iron, etc.) are in crystaline form where individual atoms or molecules are attracted to each oher and pack solid with no excess voids. This results from the negatively charged electron clouds orbiting the atoms that attract any nearby positively charged nuclei (containing only protons and neutrons). When you add heat to a mass (using an infrared heat lamp?) energetic photons enter the mass and are captured by the electrons kicking them up into higher more energetic orbits. On a massive basis this expands the material and weakens the attraction between nuclei and the electron cloud. As more heat is added, more electrons participate further reducing bonds between individual atoms (or molecules). With loosened bonds, the mass may become molten and flow. With the addition of even more heat more electrons participate and stay energized longer and some atoms and molecules gain enough energy to break the weaker bonds of the liquid and form a gas with little or no mutual attraction. Energized electrons constantly fall back to rest orbits giving up their excess energy as new photons. These photons may produce invisible infrared radiation or if energetic enough may produce visible light with wavelengths consistent with the maximum electron orbits which is a function of heat. Much of the heat may be lost from the mass of liquid or gas but perhaps most is recaptured by the mass keeping it hot and transferring heat to cooler regions (heat transfer).

As an analogy, picture a gymn half filled with a heap of basketballs. As a solid the basket balls are firmly glued to each other and resist compression. As a liquid the glue is melted allowing the balls to flow to any unfilled areas of the gymn forming a distinct level surface. As a gas the basketballs have enough energy to break the glue bonds and bounce off each other filling the gymn from top to bottom with all the balls flying at an average velociy depending on the temperature. Some travel momentarily at excess speeds while others are at rest but all are in numerous collisions. Add more heat and the basketballs exert more pressure (from collisions) against the walls, floor and ceiling. Hope that helps 'visualize' what can't be easily seen.

Answer 3

as a substance changes from a solid to an liquid the movement of the molecules speeds up the same hold true for when a substance goes from being a liquid to a gas

Answer 4

As the matter goes from the solid to liquid to gaseous phase, the molecules move a lot faster.

Answer 5

Phase change. Materials can change phase from solid to liquid at a certain temperature, and from liquid to gas at a different temperature. Some materials change directly from solid phase to gas phase, that's called sublimation.

Answer 6

They get jiggy.