nitrogen and hydrogen etc....?

Question

How do they manage to bottle NITROGEN and other gasses?!I mean,where do they extract it from or how do they make it?

So they just get a load of bacteria and turn it in to hydrogen?!

Answer 1

NITROGEN is taken from the atmosphere by cooling an compressing till its temperature falls below its condensing point to become a liquid.
Similarly OXYGEN and the noble gases.
HYDROGEN is obtained from crude oil during fractional distillation and catalytic cracking.It can also be obtained from water by electrolysis, but this is an expensive method.
CHLORINE is separated from sodium chloride by electrolysis.Similarly the other halo-gases.
During the manufacture of these gases they are contained in pressure vessels and then pumped in to gas cylinders.

Answer 2

A very simplified explanation: -

Nitrogen & Oxygen are extracted from atmospheric air.

The liquefaction of the air involves compression, expansion and cooling processes to bring the air temperature down to -194°C.

The liquid air is then distilled, in a vessel similar to a large vacuum flask to separate the Oxygen, (the higher boiling fraction at -183°C) as a gas from the Nitrogen liquid.

The Nitrogen boiling point is -196°C. It may be stored as liquid in special vessels or may be re-vaporised to gas, compressed to high pressure and 'bottled' for industrial uses.

The gaseous Oxygen may also be highly pressurised and 'bottled'.

Argon, Neon, and other rare gases are also extracted from the air using the same principles but the fractional distillation is much more specific due to the small amount and physical properties of the gases.

Hydrogen (and Oxygen) may be produced by by the electrolysis of water, collected and put through similar processes.

Answer 3

Hmmm.. let see.... first of all there are a lot and lots of way to get the final product as hydrogen and nitrogen (say hydrogenation by bacteria as an example). I won't bother to explain all of the reaction one by one, since it will be a whole page of text XD~~

Nevertheless, storing the nitrogen and hydrogen is quite simple :). Take example, nitrogen boiling point is -195.8 C, by ensuring the temperature is below -195.8 C, we will have a final product of liquid, instead of a gaseous form. Therefore, this liquid is the one that is packed into the gas tanks (hydrogen also undergo the same process). However, in this point you must be asking, "how to obtain this low temperature?"... there are several tricks that can be used in the process. such as (depressurizing).... the most easiest way to explain this is by cold pressure cooker principle but imagine it to be much and much bigger scale :).

PS: Please PM me if you think the explanation is not sufficient enough :)
PPS: I hope this helps.

Answer 4

Gases such as those mentioned are stored under extreme high pressures in tightly sealed thigh metal cylinders, the reason for the high pressure is because of the fact that they are gaseous.
With respect to how these substances are produced, Hydrogen formation can be by a whole array of techniques such as in the reaction of Zn[+](H[2]O)[n] with HCl which includes some sort of distillation process, catylisation and/or fractionation. Also, you can a bit more from the formation by reading this: http://www.lostcity.washington.edu/science/chemistry/methane.html
The triple bond in molecular nitrogen (N2) is the strongest in nature. The resulting difficulty of converting (N2) into other compounds, and the ease (and associated high energy release) of converting nitrogen compounds into elemental N2, have dominated the role of nitrogen in both nature and human economic activities.

Answer 5

They compress it then cool it from the air Remember the atmosphere is about 79% Nitrogen and 20% Oxygen and 1%other gasses

Answer 6

the liquefy it under pressure