check out a book called" the penguin dictionary of symbols" Rose= mystical rebirth, the symbol of christs wounds, life, soul, heart and love, courtship, Red Rose= passion, Yellow Rose Garden= marriage counseling (Understanding the dreams you dream)a book by ira milligan
2007-02-10 21:34:35
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answer #4
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answered by Bloodfire 1
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Rose symbolises feelings.
Feelings of love, satisfaction, friendship, anger, hatredness and many more.
In short, you can say "Various colours of roses symbolises various colours of mood and expression."
These are one of the best ways of expressing your feelings to someone.
2007-02-09 18:25:16
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answer #5
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answered by Diya 3
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The Rose as Symbol in the Ars antiqua Motet
By Sarah Carleton
The image of the rose is one with which we feel intimately familiar - to us, it symbolizes romantic love. Yet in the Middle Ages the rose took on a number of other associations, representative of both the divine and the profane. The image of the rose was used in both religious and secular contexts to represent a multiplicity of different images and settings, to invoke a variety of intellectual and emotional responses from those who encountered it, and ultimately, to mediate between the human and the divine. Thus, both profane love and religious devotion found expression in the symbol of the rose. While the actual rose was cultivated in monastery gardens and used for medicinal purposes, the symbolism of the rose was omnipresent in religious and secular art and literature. Through extensive use of the rose in both religious and secular culture in the Middle Ages, it became a symbol whose meanings were at once discrete, shared, and interchangeable, to the point where any one intended meaning of the rose could no longer exist.
Nowhere is this situation more apparent than in the Ars Antiqua motet, which flourished in the late twelfth and thirteenth centuries. This genre is at once an integration and a juxtaposition of texts and of musical lines which, perhaps paradoxically, combine to form a cohesive and coherent whole. Like the rose, the motet texts encompass both the divine and the human, and the motet is also a place where a wealth of musical and textual symbols and meanings coexist, literally in harmony. Like the subject itself, my approach to the study of the rose as it appears in motet is necessarily multi-layered: I will first examine the accepted interpretations of the rose in both religious and secular culture in the Middle Ages; then I will discuss textual and intertextual aspects of the Ars Antiqua motet, focusing on those motets with texts which mention roses. For the purposes of this paper, I have concentrated on motets contained in four manuscripts: the Montpellier Codex, the Huelgas Codex, the Bamberg Codex and the La Clayette manuscript.1 Finally, I will discuss the importance of the rose as a symbolic marker in various settings, that are present in and implied by the motet, such as amorous, narrative, temporal, local.
The Sacred and Secular Rose in the Middle Ages
For the literati of thirteenth-century France for whom Ars antiqua motets were written and performed, the rose, or its image, was always nearby. Roses were cultivated in monastery gardens, especially in the mountainous regions of France, and in Switzerland. They were also highly valued by the nobility, and because of this St Louis is said to have brought a new variety back from the Crusades. If we are to believe the motet texts, rose bushes grew abundantly in meadows, providing shelter for pretty young maidens. The rose is also apparent in much medieval literature, and is the focus of the most popular romantic poem of the late Middle Ages, the Roman de la Rose. Surviving in three hundred manuscripts, the Roman de la Rose tells the story of a man who has a dream about a rose held prisoner in a castle. With the aid (or hindrance) of various allegorical characters such as Courtesy, Youth, Fear, and Idleness, the lover pursues and tries to win the rose, which symbolizes romantic love.2 The mystic rose also appears in Dante's Divine Comedy, where it represents God's love. Medieval anatomists made use of the rose too - they were accustomed to describing the human body by comparison, and to them the rose seemed analogous to the female genitalia.3 Since one of the standard euphemisms for the male organ was the nose, something as seemingly innocent as "smelling the roses" could take on a whole new meaning!
The rose has been a symbol in religious writing and iconography since the early Middle Ages. The red rose represents the blood of Christ and the martyrs, but the most common association of the rose is with the Virgin Mary.4 The medieval Saint Bernard compared her virginity to a white rose and her charity to a red rose. The third-century Saint Ambrose believed that there were roses in the Garden of Eden, initially without thorns, but which became thorny after the fall, and came to symbolize Original Sin itself. Thus the Blessed Virgin is often referred to as the 'rose without thorns', since she was immaculately conceived. In the later Middle Ages, the Immaculate Conception came to be represented by the image of an enclosed garden, and in iconography this garden usually contains roses as well. This is of particular interest to the topic of the Ars Antiqua motet because many of the pastoral settings present in the motet are a secular echo of this theme. For example, in a typical pastourelle text sung by one of the upper voices in a motet, a maiden waits in a garden, surrounded by wild roses and other flowers. However, while the sacred version of this image is static and timeless, in the motet texts, the lover (usually Robin or another stock character) enters the garden and deflowers the maiden, creating a narrative situation. Although secularized, the image of the man entering the garden is derived from the Song of Songs,5 and fittingly enough, so is the Marian epithet "rose without thorns." 6
With the rise of Marian worship and the Gothic cathedral in the twelfth century, the image of the rose became even more prominent in religious life. Cathedrals built around this time usually include a rose window, dedicated to the Virgin, at the end of a transept or above the entrance (in other words, either at the north, south or west extremities of a cathedral). The thirteenth century Saint Dominic is credited with the institution of the Rosary, a series of prayers to the Virgin, which are symbolized by garlands of roses worn in Heaven. These garlands are represented on earth by strings of beads, which in the thirteenth century became "an essential component of both devotion and dress."
2007-02-11 20:54:48
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answer #7
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answered by Anonymous
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