what is quadrilateral space syndrome and how is it treated?

Answer 1

Quadrilateral space syndrome is a rare condition with symptoms caused by axillary nerve compression in the quadrilateral space. The quadrilateral space lies inferoposteriorly to the glenohumeral joint with boundaries formed by the teres minor muscle (superiorly), the teres major muscle (inferiorly), the humerus (laterally), and the long head of triceps (medially). The space contains fat, the axillary nerve, and the posterior humeral circumflex artery.

The radiologist can suggest the diagnosis on the basis of the finding of teres minor atrophy or abnormal signal, but needs to evaluate the remainder of the shoulder because other abnormalities are usually seen in most patients. Injuries of the axillary nerve, brachial plexus, or nerve roots must also be considered (which may not be included/vsualized on exam) in any patient with muscle atrophy or neurogenic edema without a visible cause.

Treatment is usually surgical, involving the lysis of fibrous bands within the quadrilateral space.