How are land and water, geographic position, and ocean currents interrelated?

Answer 1

It is a very complex system, of course. The Earth's spin starts the process by establishing major currents and circulation patterns. The hydrological cycle is the next big player and that starts in the oceans. Mountains serve as barriers to weather, and uneven warming keeps the winds going.

Science still doesn't understand all the details. If we knew it all predicting the weather would be perfect.

Answer 2

In a very complicated fashion. Your question is entirely too broad for a simple answer.