Atoms/Ions?

Question

What is the number of protons, electrons, and what is the net charge of..
- hydrogen atom
- sodium atom
- chlorine atom
- hydrogen ion
- sodium ion
- chloride ion

Answer 1

Looks like a homework question to me.

Hydrogen atom: 1 proton, 1 electron, neutral
Hydrogen ion: 1 proton, 0 electrons, charge +1
Sodium atom: 11 protons, 11 electrons, neutral
Sodium ion: 11 protons, 10 electrons, charge +1
Chlorine atom: 17 protons, 17 electrons, neutral
Chlorine ion: 17 protons, 18 electrons, charge -1.

All of these are the standard ions. It is, of course, possible to create a chlorine atom with up to a charge of +17. It is very difficult to get one with a charge of -2, though. Look at the periodic table to see why.

Answer 2

Hydrogen atom has 1 proton, 1 electron and a net charge of 0.
Sodium atom has 11 protons, 11 electrons and a net charge of 0.
Chlorine atom has 17 protons, 17 electrons and a net charge of 0.
Hydrogen atom has 1 proton, 0 electrons and a net charge of +1, assuming you have not added an electron to induce the ionic state but have subtracted the electron from the atom.
Sodium ion has 11 protons, 10 electrons and a net charge of +1,
the same as above with the hydrogen ion applies here with the added complexity that a sodium ion could be the original atom subtracting more that 1 electron.
Chlorine atom has 17 protons, 18 electrons and a net charge of -1. Reason for the change in sign is because Chlorine is a halogen gas and so has an affinity to gain an extra electron in order to become a more stable configuration while sodium will want to lose an extra electron in order to have no partially filled states and so be left with a complete outer shell, Sodium is an alkali metal and such substances readily act in this way. The way in which both elements are simliar is the way in which they aim to have configuration much like their nearest noble gases; Neon in the case of Sodium and Argon in the case of Chlorine.
The Chloride ion could gain or lose any number of electrons provided the ionization energy applied exterior to the original atom is large enough. An ion is in fact any charged atom within which the no. of electrons is more or less than the no. of protons, but not equal......

Answer 3

If you have a copy of the periodic table, the number of both protons and electrons in an atom will be the atomic number. The net charge of atoms is always zero.

If an ion comes from the column of alkali metals, which both the sodium and hydrogen cations do, the number of protons will remain the same while the ion loses an electron. Since protons are positively charged and electrons are negatively charged, both of these ions will have a +1 charge.

If an ion comes from the column of halogens it will tend to gain one elctron while the number of protons stays the same. Again due to the charge of protons and electrons, the net charge would be -1.

Answer 4

an atom has no internet fee on an similar time because the ion has a internet fee. the ion formed from an atom has a unique length than that of similar atom. anion has a unfavorable fee on an similar time as cation has a sturdy fee. the molecule is produced from 2 or extra valuable atoms.