i read that the planet & everthing in it is made up of atoms, which in turn makes everything effectively?

Question

holographic, is anyone familiar with this theory & can you perhaps give me a clearer explination

Answer 1

The holographic principle is a speculative conjecture about quantum gravity theories, proposed by Gerard 't Hooft and improved and promoted by Leonard Susskind, claiming that all of the information contained in a volume of space can be represented by a theory that lives in the boundary of that region. In other words, if you have a room then you can model all of the events within that room by creating a theory that only takes into account what happens in the walls of the room. The holographic principle also states that at most there is one degree of freedom (or 1 Boltzmann constant k unit of maximum entropy) for every four Planck areas in that theory. This can be stated as the Bekenstein bound, .

] Reasons for the holographic principle
Given any finite, compact region of space (e.g. a sphere), this region will contain matter and energy within it. If this energy surpasses a critical density then the region collapses into a black hole.

A black hole is known theoretically to have an entropy which is directly proportional to the surface area of its event horizon. Black holes are maximal entropy objects , so the entropy contained in a given region of space cannot be larger than the entropy of the largest black hole which can fit in that volume. This limit is known as the Bekenstein bound.

A black hole's event horizon encloses a volume, and more massive black holes have larger event horizons and enclose larger volumes. The most massive black hole that can fit in a given region is the one whose event horizon corresponds exactly to the boundary of the given region.

Greater mass entails greater entropy. Therefore the maximal limit of entropy for any ordinary region of space is directly proportional to the surface area of the region, not its volume. This is counter-intuitive to physicists because entropy is an extensive variable, being directly proportional to mass, which is proportional to volume (all else being equal, including the density of the mass).

If entropy of ordinary mass (not just black holes) is also proportional to area, then this implies that volume itself is somehow illusory: that mass occupies area, not volume, and so the universe is really a hologram which is isomorphic to the information "inscribed" on its boundaries .

Limit on information density
Entropy, if considered as information (see information entropy), can ultimately be measured in bits or nats. One bit is (ln 2) nats, and 1 nat corresponds to four Planck areas . The total quantity of bits is related to the total degrees of freedom of matter/energy. The bits themselves would encode information about the states which that matter/energy is occupying.

In a given volume, there is an upper limit to the density of information about the whereabouts of all the particles which compose matter in that volume, suggesting that matter itself cannot be subdivided infinitely many times; rather there must be an ultimate level of fundamental particles, i.e. were a particle composed of sub-particles, then the degrees of freedom of the particle would be the product of all the degrees of freedom of its sub-particles; were these sub-particles themselves also divided into sub-sub-particles, and so on indefinitely, then the degrees of freedom of the original particle must be infinite, violating the maximal limit of entropy density. The holographic principle thus implies that the subdivisions must stop at some level, and that the fundamental particle is a bit (1 or 0) of information.

The most rigorous realization of the holographic principle is the AdS/CFT correspondence by Juan Maldacena.

Variations of the holographic principle
There are variations of the holographic known as the strong and weak holographic principles.

The Strong Holographic Principle

The strong holographic principle states that the information that an outside observer can derive from the surface of a black hole is directly proportional to the surface area of the event horizon. The "strong" version of the holographic principle states that an observer derives information from something through its surface which acts like a "screen" of sorts to view that information through. However there is still a particle behind the screen projecting the information it holds onto the "screen" or surface.

The Weak Holographic Principle

The weak holographic principle states that the all information entering the event horizon of a black hole is encoded on the surface of the event horizon of that black hole and is proportional to the surface area of the event horizon. Unlike the "strong" version the weak holographic principle states that there is no particle behind the "screen" and that the physical processes of the universe can be wholly described by the "screens" or surfaces through which the information is observed.

Answer 2

Yes, all matter is composed of atoms, which are composed of a whole host of subatomic particles; the most known ones are protons, neutrons and electrons. Electromagnetic waves, like light or radio waves, are also particles called photons.

None of this has anything to do with the holographic principle, nowadays only a conjecture in search of evidences to test itself.

More information at the sources.

Answer 3

the theory refers to the fact that almost all of the volume of an atom is made up of the space between electrons. If that space did not exist, Mt everest would be reduced to the size of the average glass of water. The theory states that all of what you can see isn't really there, but is just the space between atoms.

Don't worry about falling through though, because the charges of the electrons repel other atoms, making them seen solid.

Answer 4

I heard of the holographic projector, which instead of having to project onto a white board can project into the air, it projects images which appear just above the projector, bounced of the airs atoms. Just like star wars and the hologrammes that appeared. I think theres one invented at mo. but will become a thing of the future, from the past. x

Answer 5

Excerpt from the website below:

The objective world does not exist, at least not in the way we are accustomed to believing. What is "out there" is a vast ocean of waves and frequencies, and reality looks concrete to us only because our brains are able to take this holographic blur and convert it into the sticks and stones and other familiar objects that make up our world. How is the brain (which itself is composed of frequencies of matter) able to take something as insubstantial as a blur of frequencies and make it seem solid to the touch? "The kind of mathematical process that Bekesy simulated with his vibrators is basic to how our brains construct our image of a world out there," Pribram states. In other words, the smoothness of a piece of fine china and the feel of beach sand beneath our feet are really just elaborate versions of the phantom limb syndrome.

According to Pribram this does not mean there aren't china cups and grains of beach sand out there. It simply means that a china cup has two very different aspects to its reality. When it is filtered through the lens of our brain it manifests as a cup. But if we could get rid of our lenses, we'd experience it as an interference pattern. Which one is real and which is illusion? "Both are real to me," says Pribram, "or, if you want to say, neither of them are real."

This state of affairs is not limited to china cups. We, too, have two very different aspects to our reality. We can view ourselves as physical bodies moving through space. Or we can view ourselves an a blur of interference patterns enfolded throughout the cosmic hologram. Bohm believes this second point of view might even be the more correct, for to think of ourselves as a holographic mind/brain looking at a holographic universe is again an abstraction, an attempt to separate two things that ultimately cannot be separated.

Do not be troubled if this is difficult to grasp. It is relatively easy to understand the idea of holism in something that is external to us, like an apple in a hologram. What makes it difficult is that in this case we an not looking at the hologram. We are part of the hologram.

Answer 6

What do you mean by holographic ? Holography is a way of producing what appears to be 3d photo's by using interference patterns. I don't understand what you are implying

Answer 7

OK you clever guys whats an electron made up with then? and I did not want to know it is a negative charge

Answer 8

We are all one solid mass, even you and I are connected at the atomic level. imagine everthing you see as tiny balloons

Answer 9

I haven't ever heard of this, but judging by the answers it sounds fascinating. Thanks for asking the question.