what is the realationship between evolution and natural selection?

Question

#2 If lamarck and darwin had debated why giraffes have such long necks, how would their explanations have differed?

Answer 1

Evolution is the observed fact that life changes over time. Natural Selection is the theory, or explanation for how those changes occur.

Lamarck believed that changes acquired during the lifetime of an animal could be passed down to its descendants. This is clearly wrong...as dogs with their tails culled do not have puppies with no tail.

Darwin observed that only changes or differences inherent in the organism were passed down. His explanation was further supported with the discovery of DNA

Answer 2

Natural selection is an explanation of a way that evolution can happen. Certain individuals have a variation that helps them survive when others do not.

If this debate happened, Lamarck would say that the giraffes tried their whole lives to stretch and reach more leaves to eat, and that the improvements the giraffes achieved were passed on to their offspring.

Darwin would say that the giraffes that happened to have a slightly longer neck (just due to natural variations) were more likely to survive when conditions were poor. The differences were heritable, and their offspring were more likely to have long necks. At the same time, the giraffes with shorter necks were not able to survive long enough to reproduce. The genes for shorter necks were not passed on.

Answer 3

Natural selection is part of the evolution process. The species population is "natural selected" and then the survivors, best fit because they carry the right adaptation, will pass their genes to the next generation.
The other components are: diversity (trough mutation), that makes the population vary, so natural selection have more than one choice to "choose from", and critical size of the population, so the evolutive pressure would not kill the entire population (what led to extinction)
Neither Lamarck nor Darwin knew about the gene component that complete the evolution theory. The difference in their hypothetical debate would be:
According to Lamark, the giraffe would "exercise" his neck, and then pass his longer neck to the next generation. It is probed to be false, because your physical development doesn't go to your genes. Would be as a body builder having a super strong child.
According to Darwin: In a population of diverse giraffes, the ones with their longer necks would feed better, and have more chance to be healthy enough to reproduce. Something in the constitution of the "inner plan" of the longer neck's giraffes (latter found to be genes) would be passed to the next generation.

Answer 4

Evolution is a change in allele frequency over time; this provides variation for natural selection. Natural selection is the differential survival of replicators. Some traits of this variation in populations are beneficial and are selected, naturally. This is a quite simple explanation of the concept.

Lamark would have said that the giraffes would have desired to have long necks, to reach the higher leaves. Fluids and forces would have responded to this desire and stretched the necks, and this was heritable. Not a supportable explanation.
Darwin would have said, in any generation the giraffes would have varied in height; some taller than others. In a high leaf year, only the taller would survive to reproduce, thus passing tall traits on to progeny. Incrementally, tall traits would increase in the population of giraffes. Simply put.

Answer 5

natural selection is the harvest of evolution which creates evolution itself.species that cant adapt theirselves to changin environment are subject to termination of changin life conditions
if they cant run fast enough will be eaten by its predators cos they have to do it to survive .