Logically calculus is illogical and hence by logic can not be true?

Question

Mathematician states “Newton and Leibniz developed the calculus…. Their ideas were attacked for being full of paradoxes.” Newton’s formulation of calculus was self-contradictory yet it worked. Newton worked with small increments going of to a zero limit. Berkeley showed that this leads to logical inconsistency. The main problem Bunch notes was “that a quantity was very close to zero, but not zero, during the first part of the operation then it became zero at the end.

it is no use just saying oh yes so what mathematics makes my pc work so i can post this msg The point is logically calculus is llogical and by the standard of logic can not be true if it is in self-contradiction. Therefore how it works becomes a complete mystery seing by the accepted standard of truth ie logic it is not true. This is one one reason why this author says mathematics is mreaningless

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Answer 1

You make an erroneous assumption. You assume that everything that works must be logical. This is actually rather plainly not so.

Take, for example, gravity. Is it LOGICAL that masses are attracted to each other? Not at all. It is just something that we observe. Even if we say that gravity is a logical outgrowth of some other condition, then that just pushes the problem back further... how is the instance of our universal creation logical?

In other words, some things don't necessarily make sense. They just ARE.

For the record, I agree that calculus messes up mathematics. It assumes that infinitely small things are non-existant. In the real world, this is true - a minimum size of things exist and nothing can be smaller than that. In mathematics, this is not true. Answers from calculus are therefore completely valid in reality, but completely invalid in mathematics. I figure that since more people are more concerned with reality, they let it slide. I am not so tolerant!

Answer 2

Even the finest approximation possible by the mind cannot reach absolute accuracy, this is the fact, for an accuracy then would not be an accuracy, and differentiation is in a sense a Mathematical art of approximation physical phenomena. The absolute reality of all that we perceive as real can never be experienced, for when things acquire perfection they annihilate into their ideals. For example, a component in a machine can operate with very good accuracy or a such near perfection that one can never tell if it were there. When you, for example, buy a fine vehicle you need not know what is in its engine, until one day when something goes wrong and then the mechanic tells you that there is a small part in the machine by such and such name that is not working, and therefore needs replacing.
Mathematics is there and it is not perfect and that is why it is there – it is the imperfection of our own mind that manifest themselves through our own brain child.

Mathematics is not an answer to questions that human mind is capable of coming up with, it is a tool for search and it by no means is perfect. Like all other branches of knowledge Mathematics is a relative knowledge that we have extracted from the very thing that we try to observe; but there is no doubt that Mathematics is by far the most effective and accurate means of determining the facts of our physical reality. Not only mathematical concepts are confined within the bounds of infinite in view on all sides, it is also at its best just an approximation. We cannot say that a lamp is an ultimate answer to darkness but it is nonetheless answer to our needs; even the brightest of a source of light cannot be bright enough to dispel all darkness; the ultimate of light will then be another type of darkness – the Sun spots are only relatively dark.

I can say that most advanced conceptual aspects of pure Mathematics are in fact philosophical inquiries; may be this is what made you place your question here. The light created by human mind is most accurately illuminate of the reality through Mathematics. And yet again, like other branches of science Mathematics makes no claim; it is just most organised, systematic and yet most humble in its application.

If we start questing science philosophically nothing could be proved; we can say that this car is not good enough as it does not take us from point A to B in no time. The fact is that the car is made to cover distances, and distances when travelled take time. If we were to get from one place to another in no time then we would not use a car at the first place, we would use something entirely different. Mathematics is made to be respect limitations, for if it would not than it would not be any good to us. Perhaps this is where we think that all science is but an elaboration of mythological thinking; I thinking this is correct. The problem is that it is too correct. The symbols, abstraction, variation, graduations and limits were the stuff that found there way into human expression in form of destiny, human heroes turning into gods, transformation of the wicked into subhuman creature, and phenomenon of nature both fascinating and awe inspiring.

If if say that find me the greatest number, the demand would be unreasonable. The greatest number cannot be found in Mathematics, and the only way to know that this cannot be done is again through Mathematics. Here, we learn limitations of our own mind by the use of system that we have created to explore the limits further. The concept of zero could not has been conceived if it were not for all the numbers on both sides of a number line visible, and anticipated; the zero itself is a nothingness, a non-existence at the heart of all our knowledge, and yet the body of Mathematical know is erected upon it. Conceptual aspects of Mathematics conjoin with philosophical thinking but practical Maths is application only as a best compromise between what is real and what is beyond the grasp of our sense of reality.

Answer 3

although Newton's attitude to limits and calculus works, it did no longer seem to make a hundred% logical experience. So interior the nineteenth Century, the mathematicians redefined limits and calculus with a extra rigorous definition related to small values called epsilon and delta, which make comprehensive logical experience. those are those which at the instant are used, and arithmetic is as quickly as lower back according to good judgment. they provide the comparable solutions, by potential of ways, showing that Newton replaced into in all risk spectacular besides.

Answer 4

logically fallacy

Answer 5

'Logic' can not prove any TRUTH!
TRUTH transcends 'mind'!