Biology help, please!!!?

Question

What is Chemiosmosis/ chemiosmosis in chloroplasts???

Answer 1

Here is a website where it talks about it. IT is too long to put into here fully: You can read more about it on the website: It makes no real sense to me. :) http://home.comcast.net/~john.kimball1/BiologyPages/L/LightReactions.html#chemiosmosis
Chemiosmosis in Chloroplasts

The energy released as electrons pass down the gradient between photosystem II and photosystem I is harnessed by the cytochrome b6/f complex to pump protons (H+) against their concentration gradient from the stroma of the chloroplast into the interior of the thylakoid (an example of active transport). As their concentration increases inside (which is the same as saying that the pH of the interior decreases), a strong diffusion gradient is set up. The only exit for these protons is through the ATP synthase complex. As in mitochondria, the energy released as these protons flow down their gradient is harnessed to the synthesis of ATP. The process is called chemiosmosis and is an example of facilitated diffusion

Answer 2

Testing the Chemiosmosis Theory

Several kinds of evidence support the chemiosmotic theory of ATP synthesis in chloroplasts. Link to discussion of the chemiosmosis in chloroplasts.


(a) When isolated chloroplasts are illuminated, the medium in which they are suspended becomes alkaline — as we would predict if protons were being removed from the medium and pumped into the thylakoids (where they reduce the pH to about 4.0 or so).

(b) The interior of thylakoids can be deliberately made acid (low pH) by suspending isolated chloroplasts in an acid medium (pH 4.0) for a period of time. When these chloroplasts are then
transferred to a slightly alkaline medium (pH 8.5), that is, one with a lower concentration of protons and
given a supply of ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi),
they spontaneously synthesize ATP. No light is needed.

Here is direct evidence that a gradient of protons can be harnessed to the synthesis of ATP.

Answer 3

Osmose is orientated passage of fluid through half permeable agent. It is passive transport. And the agent passes over from area
with low concentration of melted substance to area with high concentration of substance. So I suppose chemiosmosis in chloroplast means passage of chemical components through the tilakoid membrane.

Answer 4

the seperation of molecules between the x and y chromosomes there fore it passes through the endoplasmic recticulum through the midochandria

Answer 5

osmosis by use of chemicals that absorbs "food" into the plants cell structure

Answer 6

http://www.nsci.plu.edu/~mivey/161/sqch10.html

Answer 7

that's hard