History help....?

Question

1)Risorgimento refers to Italian unity. Which of the following DID NOT hinder efforts at unification?

Existence of the Papal States
The creation of Young Italy
Austria’s occupation of Lombardy
The Kingdom of Two Sicilies

2)All of the following are identified with Italian unity EXCEPT

Mazzini
Pope Pius IX
Cavour
Garibaldi

3)Bismark's strategy for unifying Germany centered on

marriages of alliance.
starting several wars.
purchasing territory.
peaceful negotiations.

4)Once a unified Germany existed, Bismark consolidated his power by

outlawing opposing political parties.
satisfying the workers demands.
playing international peacemaker.
All of the above are correct.

5)Frances' Second Republic collapsed

as a result of the Franco-Prussian War.
when the Bastille fell.
after the Paris Commune attacked.
following Napoleon III's abdication.

Answer 1

1) Young Italy. The Papal States were the property of Pius IX (Pio Nono), Austria in Lombardy was a big obstacle. Kingdom of the Two Sicilies was a medieval state left over from the War of the Sicilian Vespers, 1282-1302.

2) Pius IX (Pio Nono). Unification of Italy incorporated Rome and the Duchies of Spoleto and Benevento into the new Italian Kingdom. Pio Nono cooped himself up in the Vatican. This lasted until Mussolini signed a Concordat with the Papacy in the 1920's, by which the Popes were to be independent in Vatican City.

3) Bismarck's policy was to show that only Prussia could serve as a nucleus of crystallization of German unity. He started a war with Denmark about 1860, and won Schleswig and Holstein, two provinces "traditionally German." He started the seven-weeks war with Austria, which led the the demonstration that the Austro-Hungarian Empire was not a viable candidate. He started a war with Bavaria, and won, for the same reason. His master stroke wss to provoke France into declaring war on Prussia with the Ems telegram (That's interesting; you should read about it.) The defeat of France in the Franco-Prussian war of 1870-71 resulted in the gain of Alsace and Lorraine for Germany and the foundation of the German Empire

4) Satisfying workers' demands. Bismarck set forth policies and programs that are the models for European and U.S. governments today.

5)You have your question wrong here. The Second Republic arose because of a revolution of 1848 that overthrew King Louis Phillipe. The successful candidate for president was Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, nephew of the original. The Seconde Republic vanished in 1852, when he declared himself Louis Napoleon III, Emperor of the French. This Second Empire disappeared in 1870, when the Prussians defeated the French at the Battle of Sedan, besieged Paris, and proclaimed the German empire in the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles. So "None of the above." The Second Republic vanished in 1852.