Who, where, when and why did they invent the air condtioner?

Question

I really need this information for a project for tuesday. I would really appreciate if I receive at least a few answers! Thanks!

Answer 1

An earlier form of air conditioning was invented in Persia (Iran) thousands of years ago in the form of wind shafts on the roof, which caught the wind and passed it through water and blew the cooled air into the building [1].

The 19th century British scientist and inventor, Michael Faraday discovered that compressing and liquefying a certain gas could chill air when the liquified ammonia was allowed to evaporate. His idea remained largely theoretical.

In 1842, Florida physician Dr. John Gorrie used compressor technology to create ice, which he would use to cool air blown over malaria and yellow fever patients. [2] He eventually had a vision of using his ice-making machine to regulate environment in buildings. He even envisioned centralized air conditioning that could cool entire cities. [3] Gorrie was granted a patent in 1851 (Patent #8080, USPTO) for his ice-making machine. The technology was attacked by Northern businessmen with the help of religious leaders they got to call the technology blasphemous, in order to protect its business of exporting natural ice to Southern states. When both his partner and he died in 1855, the idea of air conditioning died with him for the time being.

One of the first uses of air conditioning for personal comfort was in 1902 when the New York Stock Exchange's new building was equipped with a central cooling as well as heating system. Alfred Wolff, an engineer from Hoboken, New Jersey who is considered the forerunner in the quest to cool a working environment, helped design the new system, transferring this budding technology from textile mills to commercial buildings.

Later in 1902, the first modern, electrical air conditioning was invented by Willis Haviland Carrier (1876–1950). His invention differed from Wolff's in that it controlled not only temperature, but also humidity for improved manufacturing process control for a printing plant in Brooklyn, New York. This specifically helped to provide low heat and humidity for consistent paper dimensions and ink alignment. Later, Carrier's technology was applied to increase productivity in the workplace, and the Carrier Engineering Company, now called Carrier (a division of United Technologies Corporation), was formed in 1915 to meet the new demand. Later still, air conditioning use was expanded to improve comfort in homes and automobiles. Residential sales didn't take off until the 1950's. The Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, is a Landmark Building in building engineering services (built in 1906) and lays claim to being the first “Air conditioned Building in the World”.

In 1906, Stuart Cramer first used the term "air conditioning" as he explored ways to add moisture to the air in his southern textile mill. He combined moisture with ventilation to actually "condition" and change the air in the factories, controlling the humidity so necessary in textile plants.

The first air conditioners and refrigerators employed toxic gases like ammonia and methyl chloride, which resulted in fatal accidents when they leaked. Thomas Midgley, Jr. created the first chlorofluorocarbon gas, dubbed Freon in 1928. The refrigerant proved much safer for humans but is harmful to the atmosphere's ozone layer. "Freon" is a trade name of Dupont for any CFC, HCFC, or HFC refrigerant, the name of each including a number indicating molecular composition (R-11, R-12, R-22, R-134). The blend most used in direct-expansion comfort cooling is an HCFC known as R-22, and is slated to be phased out for use in new equipment by 2010 and completely discontinued by 2020. R-11 and R-12 are no longer manufactured in the US, the only source for purchase being the cleaned and purified gas recovered from other air conditioner systems. Several ozone-friendly refrigerants have been developed as alternatives, including R-410A, known by the brand name "Puron".

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Answer 2

US patent number 808897 was granted in 1906 to Willis Haviland Carrier. The patent was for an “apparatus for treating air”. Today, Carrier is considered the “father” of air conditioning. His original intention was to treat air for industrial purposes—manufacturers of certain products struggled in hot climates, the heat affecting production. Carrier, an engineer, was the first person to figure out that you had to control a number of things if you wanted to cool down a building—temperature, humidity, air purity, movement of air, and air supply and exhaust. By the 1920s, smaller air conditioning units were appearing in private homes. Theatres, department stores, hospitals, banks, and offices were already using air conditioning—the bigger places used a central air conditioning system devised by the Carrier Corporation. When the Depression of the 1930s hit, not many air conditioning units were sold, but after the Second World War, things picked up. Nowadays if you live in a really hot place in North America, not having air conditioning is unusual.

Answer 3

Check that site from my source. this ios the begining of it.
The air conditioner


One year after earning a master's degree in Electrical Engineering from Cornell University in 1901, Willis Haviland Carrier (born 1876) developed and patented the world's first modern air conditioner. Carrier's invention not only provided comfort at home, but also allowed for the controlled conditions necessary in many environments: industrial and scientific (as for the production of many chemicals and pharmaceuticals), and even artistic (as with the protection of fine art at museums).

Answer 4

Lewis Latimer created the forerunner of the air conditioner in 1886. Willis Haviland Carrier modified the air conditioner in 1906.

Answer 5

While moving heat via machinery to provide air conditioning is a relatively modern invention, the cooling of buildings is not. The ancient Egyptians were known to circulate aqueduct water through the walls of certain houses to cool them. As this sort of water usage was expensive, generally only the wealthy could afford such a luxury.

In 1820, British scientist and inventor Michael Faraday discovered that compressing and liquefying ammonia, a powerful irritant, could chill air when the liquefied ammonia was allowed to evaporate.

In 1842, Florida physician Dr. John Gorrie used compressor technology to create ice, which he used to cool air for his patients in his hospital in Apalachicola, Florida.[2] He hoped eventually to use his ice-making machine to regulate the temperature of buildings. He even envisioned centralized air conditioning that could cool entire cities.[3] Though his prototype leaked and performed irregularly, Gorrie was granted a patent in 1851 for his ice-making machine. His hopes for its success vanished soon afterwards when his chief financial backer died; Gorrie did not get the money he needed to develop the machine. According to his biographer Vivian M. Sherlock, he blamed the "Ice King," Frederic Tudor, for his failure, suspecting that Tudor has launched a smear campaign against his invention. Dr Gorrie died impoverished in 1855 and the idea of air conditioning faded away for 50 years

Answer 6

Willis Haviland Carrier, electrical engineer. But most of you would know him as the "Father of cool". That's because he invented and patented the air conditioner. Although he was famous for inventing the air conditioner, he also invented the centrifugal refrigeration machine.