How proteins are affected by your DNA Composition?

Answer 1

Affected? Hell, they're MADE from your DNA, pretty much... though of course they'e not made OF DNA - proteins consist of one or more polypeptide chains (which are chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds).
But, in short - your DNA is transcribed into mRNA (by particular enzymes, and enzymes are also proteins by the way...) - so basically a copy is made of your DNA - which is then translated into a polypeptide in little cell organelles called ribosomes - each 3 bases of DNA (or mRNA if you like...) codes for a particular amino acid, which is sort of brought to the ribosome by a tRNA molecule....

You know the bases, right? A, T, C, G, U (Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine, Uracil)? Well, Adenine always binds with thymine, and cytosine always binds with guanine... and Uracil is the RNA equivalent of thymine. so here's an example of how it works (assuming the top strand of DNA is transcibed):

DNA: AAGCTAGCA
TTCGATCGT

mRNA: UUGCAUCGU

tRNA: AACGUAGCA

sequence of amino acids making up the polypeptide:
leucine-histine-arginine

But in reality the polypeptide (and thus the gene on your DNA which gets transcribed) is a lot longer than that...
the order of the amino acids in the polypeptide affects the way in which it folds up to form a protein and thus the function of the protein...

Hope that helps a little, anyway - it's a bit more than can really be explained so briefly!

Answer 2

DNA is protein.. and in every human being there is a genetic code.. if there is a problem in the expression of a protein there will be a mutation which may cause a disease..