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forbidding the purely formal.

"A & B therefore A" is deductive, but says nothing about the world.
I want an argument where the propositions mean something.

I'm betting any such argument is really inductive.

2007-01-17 12:17:30 · 4 answers · asked by -.- 3 in Arts & Humanities Philosophy

Angry Daisy has the only "sound" argument. Here's why it's not really deductive: What do we mean by "All mammals feed their children milk"? If you take this premise for granted (as we ordinarily do in logic) then the conclusion would be incontrovertible. But this isn't so... the premise is a product of induction. It's not impossible we discover or invent a new mammalian creature that doesn't provide milk. The definition "mammal" isn't fixed in all possible worlds. Similarly with the universal claim that all whales are mammals. There may turn out to be non-mammalian whales. We don't know. The facts of biology aren't closed to that possibility.

It is most reasonable to conclude that whales provide milk, but only on the basis of our observations and historically-imbued usages of certain words.

2007-01-17 13:09:29 · update #1

4 answers

The United States is large
Large is and adjective.
The United States is an adjective.

......so much for logic, pass the remote

2007-01-17 12:44:53 · answer #1 · answered by franc 5 · 1 0

All mammals feed their children milk
All whales are mammals
Therefore, all whales feed their children milk.

If the premises are sound, then the conclusion cannot be wrong, it is not merely probable.

No, deductive arguments are not really inductive. Here's the definition: A deductive argument is an argument in which it is thought that the premises provide a guarantee of the truth of the conclusion. In a deductive argument, the premises are intended to provide support for the conclusion that is so strong that, if the premises are true, it would be impossible for the conclusion to be false.
Versus:
An inductive argument is an argument in which it is thought that the premises provide reasons supporting the probable truth of the conclusion. In an inductive argument, the premises are intended only to be so strong that, if they are true, then it is unlikely that the conclusion is false.

2007-01-17 12:27:36 · answer #2 · answered by Angry Daisy 4 · 1 0

I was born with the gift of life.
I am therefore endowed with an ability to be a giver of life.

(My argument became valid when my son was born. Tell me why my argument is not sound, and I'll show you why your reasoning is outside the realm of reality.)

2007-01-17 12:22:49 · answer #3 · answered by Anonymous · 0 0

I exist enough to believe that I exist, therefore I exist enough.

Let me know if I'm way off base.

2007-01-17 12:30:15 · answer #4 · answered by Bee_Gee42 2 · 0 0

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