How are artificial elements formed?

Question

ELEMENT is the simplest form of matter and there are about 109 elements but only 92 of them occur naturally on earth;my question is then how are the other elements formed when an element is not made up of anything.

Answer 1

Actually, only 88 elements occur naturally on earth: 4 of the first 92 are manmade, or appear as remnants of processes in space. The elements 43, 61, 85 and 87 have no stable isotopes or measurable half-life.

The last naturally-occuring element is Uranium, number 92.

Anyway, the way that new elements are made is by taking atoms and smashing them together at incredibly high speeds (approaching .7c, or around 2.1*10^8 meters per second) in a particle accelerator. What they get - well, it doesn't last long. But it's there.

To get to your more fundamental question: Elements are made up of combinations of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Hydrogen, for example, has one proton and one electron. Helium has two protons, one neutron, and 2 electrons. Carbon has 6, 6, and 6. And so on and so forth. So elements in nature were/are/will always be made of protons, neutrons, and electons smushed together.

Answer 2

All elements are made from more fundamental particles with varying numbers of neutrons and protons in the nucleus. These pick up electrons to become an element.

There may be 92 natural elements and 109 including the man made ones. But there are loads of variations on elements.

Like Iodine has natural versions but it also has artificial variants, some of them radioactive. These are called isotopes so when you add these to the list there are hundreds of artificial elements.

You can make heavier elements by bombarding them with neutrons or alpha particles in the hope that they will stick together. You can split heavy elements in the same way.

Answer 3

An element cannot be "made up" chemically, but it can be made up in nuclear reactions. Also, there are only 90 elements that occur naturally. Tc (No. 43) and Pm (No. 61) have no stable isotopes. But Tc and Pm do occur as products of fission of U-235 and Pu-239 in reactors. So one can reprocess the fuel and extract those elements.

Higher atomic number elements are built up from lower ones. For example, bombardment of U-238 with neutrons results in U-239, which decays by emission of a beta particle (electron) to Np-239.

For elements with atomic numbers greater than 110, the going gets tough. One must use lower elements above No. 92, which are already radioactive, and one must arrange a supply of enough neutrons in the final product. Nuclei need increasing excesses of neutrons over protons just to form. One promising technique is to rev up nuclei of stable calcium-48 to astronomically high energies and smash them into other heavier nuclei.

Answer 4

Artificial elements through the neutron bombardments of other elements, usually in a cyclotron.

Answer 5

elements are just a different combinations of smaller pieces like protons electrons etc. we just came up with some other combinations that work . how? i have no idea

Answer 6

By artificial transmutation.