I'm looking for specific infos about the design of a keyboard. From history to modern design...Thanks :)?

Answer 1

http://www.wikipedia.org

Answer 2

Keyboards are set up pretty much like they were when typewriters were first invented , with some obvious added and removed keys.

The setup is optimized to be able to allow fast typing with letters grouped so that the most used combinations of keys are near the home row, where your fingers rest. There have been attempts to optimize further, but the systems have never caught on. Like the Dvorak setup.