what are the chemical tests for chlorine, bromine and iodine ions??

Question

this question came up and my proff wouldnt tell me the answer. no matter what bk i look in or internet site i cnt find the answer
please help, its been bugging me for ages

Answer 1

For chloride, if soluble in water, add silver nitrate and a white precipitate is formed.

For bromide and iodide the same procedure applies as for chloride but a creamy white precipitate will form for bromide on adding silver nitrate, and a yellow one for iodide.

If, however, the substances are insoluble in water, even after a bit of heating, then add conc. sulphuric acid, and heat if necessary.

For chloride HCl will be given off, which can be tested for by using a glass rod dipped in ammonia, this will form solid ammonium chloride and appear as a white vapour.

For bromide, orange fumes of bromine will be evolved (do this in a fume cupboard!).

For iodide, purple iodine vapour will be given off, and a rotten egg smell of hydrogen sulphide. Also if lead (II) nitrate is added a yellow precipitate of lead (II) iodide will be formed.

Answer 2

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If it's elementary iodine (the element) the best test is to put it on starch and the starch will turn blue-black where the iodine comes into contact with it. If it's in iodide form, such as sodium or potassium iodide, add some chlorine water and if it contains iodide ion, the solution turns brown due to free iodine being liberated. To be sure it's iodine and not bromine, add a little carbon tetrachloride or chloroform, and if it's iodine, it will color the carbon tetrachloride purple.

Answer 3

Silver Nitrate test.

With Chlorine ions a WHITE precipitate is formed.
With Bromine ions a CREAM precipitate is formed
With Iodine ions a YELLOW precipitate is formed.

Ag+(aq) + X-(aq) = AgX(s)

NB Fluorine ions do not precipitate out in this test.

Answer 4

Silver nitrate for Chlorine
Fennel Phlene for bromide
Lactic acid for Iodine ions

Answer 5

The chemicals you mention are halogens, the exist as molecules.

However you make mention of the ionic form, and perhaps you should have asked for tests for chlorIDE bromIDE and iodIDE ions, which react quantitatively with silver nitrate solution to produce a silver halide precipitate which changes from white to yellow as you go down the group - this is also the order in which you mention them, by the way!

Answer 6

First you mean chloride, bromide and iodide ions.
They all give precipitates in the presence of nitric acid when silver nitrate is added.
Silver chloride is white and easily dissolves if ammonia is added.
Silver bromide is cream and dissolves less easily in ammonia.
Silver iodide is pale yellow and hardly soluble in ammonia.
There is some serious rubbish above.

Answer 7

silver nitrate
i think
try
http://wpbschoolhouse.btinternet.co.uk/page13/ChemicalTests/ChemicalTests.html

for some reason the above link would not work??????
if u type in..... test for halogen ions into ur yahoo search engine u can access it and see for urself!!
good luck

Answer 8

the one below agustin jean is most probably the rt answer

Answer 9

alkalinity test strips

Answer 10

Lancenigo di Villorba (TV), Italy

I read the answers (many) preceeding mine.

I THINK YOU NEED A SCHEMATIC PROCEDURE FOR DETECT ONE OR MORE TYPE OF HALIDES EVENTUALLY PRESENTS IN YOUR ANALYTE!

WET FEATURE
You put several spoons of your analyte in a beaker (pyrex glass) and you can add a greater amount of sodium carbonate. You dissolve these compound with deionized water and you proceed to warming this solutions by means of burner's flame.
After the needed time, you chill the liquid in room temperature.
With filter's apparatus, you retrieve filtrate liquid ina second beaker which collects liquid downward flowing.
This liquid is your "anion's solution", the analyte for "Wet Essays".

WET ESSAYS : Silver's salt Test
You put an amount of "anion's solution" in a glass-tube and you add some drops of silver nitrate's solutions : I suggest you add one drop of dilute nitric acid's solution before silver salt.

1st Result) If you see a pale tarnishing of liquid in tube, may be halide ions (I refer to Cl-, Br-, I-, but not F-) are present in analyte.

You put tube in "centrifuge-machine", so you obtain separation in uncoloured liquid and pale coloured bottom's body (e.g. precipitate who tarnished tube's liquid). Now, you effect your essays on this bottom's body.
After you eliminated uncoloured liquid, you add some drops of deionized water toward gently rinsing of bottom's body, care-having to avoid bottom's body dissolution. You can add a small amount of ammonium carbonate's solution and now you hurt bottom's body to facilitate solid dissolution.

2° Result) If you obtain clearity of ammonia's mixture, you detected singular presence of chloride ions. In other words, you found chloride and exclude bromide or iodide compounds in analyte. Elsewhere, you cannot exclude bromide and/or iodide compound's presence. Thus, you should proceed again to "centrifuge-machine".

After centrifuge's action, you may see a pale coloured bottom's body. After you eliminated uncoloured liquid, you add some drops of deionized water toward gently rinsing of bottom's body, care-having to avoid bottom's body dissolution. You can add a small amount of ammonium hydroxide's solution and now you hurt bottom's body to facilitate solid dissolution.

3° Result) If you obtain clearity of ammonia's mixture, you detected singular presence of bromide ions. In other words, you found bromide and exclude iodide compounds in analyte. Elsewhere, you cannot exclude iodide compound's presence. Thus, you should proceed novel test in another tube.

WET ESSAYS : Chlorine Water's Test
You put few amount of "anion's solution" in a tube and you add it greater volume of carbon tetrachloride (it is a solvent, it is a not a chloride's source!). Hence, you can add lately "chlorine's water", a chemical reactive (it is an oxidizer). While you add the reactive, you should move the inner liquids.

4° Result) If you see a red-purplish colour, you detected bromide and/or iodide compounds in analyte.

Further addiction of "chlorine's water" could change the coloration.

5° Result) If you obtain perfect decoloration, you detected iodide compounds and you can exclude bromide ones. Elsewhere, if you retrieve a yellow-winish colour, you detected bromide compounds.

WET ESSAYS : Brown Ring Test
You put few amount of "anion's solution" in a tube and you add it greater volume of ferrous sulphate's solution. The latter is a concentrated aqueous solution of the ferrous salt, it should show a greenish colour. While you prepare this solution, you forget not some drops of sulphuric acid which gives itself stability. Now, you inclinate the tube and you can add lately concentrated sulphuric acid in a feature that it falls downward at tube's bottom.

7° Result) If you see a ring brownish coloured, may be you detected bromide and/or iodide compounds in analyte.


DRY FEATURE
Dry essays pronouncing themselves about a single halide-type ions.

DRY ESSAYS : Test for Chloride Ions
You put a small amount of analyte in a glass-tube and you add some drops of concentrated sulphuric acid. Fastly, you cover tube's mouth with a small piece of paper preceedingly wetted by ammonium hydroxide solutions.

8° Result) If you see a whitish fume in the tube you found chloride ions. Nothing you can say about other halide ions.

DRY ESSAYS : Test for Bromide Ions
You put a small amount of analyte in a glass-tube and you add some drops of fluorescein's solutions. The latter is a greenish liquid, an absorption colorant. Hence, you can add some drops of concentrated sulphuric acid. You warm the tube by means of burner's flame. WARNING!! You must move the tube, don't standing on the flame, you can explode!

9° Result) If you see a reddish coloration, you detected bromide ions. Nothing you can say about other halide ions.

DRY ESSAYS : Test for Iodide Ions
You put a small amount of analyte in a glass-tube and you add some spoons of sodium nitrite. You can dissolve the salts with a limited amount of deionized water. Hence, you can add some drops of concentrated sulphuric acid, finally some drop of carbon's disulphide. You warm the tube by means of burner's flame. WARNING!! You must move the tube, don't standing on the flame, you can explode!

10° Result) If you see a reddish coloration, you detected iodide ions. Nothing you can say about other halide ions.

I hope this helps you.