roman astronomical term for venus?

Answer 1

goddess of love; counterpart of Greek Aphrodite
Synonym: Urania



The Romans would later name the planet in honor of their goddess of love, Venus, whereas the Greeks used the name of its Greek counterpart, Aphrodite.


The astronomical symbol for Venus is the same as that used in biology for the female sex, a stylized representation of the goddess Venus' hand mirror: a circle with a small cross underneath. The Venus symbol also represents femininity, and in ancient alchemy stood for the metal copper. Alchemists constructed the symbol from a circle (representing spirit) above a cross (representing matter).

Historic connections
As one of the brightest objects in the sky, Venus has been known since prehistoric times and from the earliest days has had a significant impact on human culture. It is described in Babylonian cuneiformic texts such as the Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa, which relates observations that possibly date from 1600 BC. The Babylonians named the planet Ishtar, the personification of womanhood, and goddess of love. The Ancient Egyptians believed Venus to be two separate bodies and knew the morning star as Tioumoutiri and the evening star as Ouaiti. Likewise believing Venus to be two bodies, the Ancient Greeks called the morning star Φωσφόρος, Phosphorus, the "Bringer of Light" or Εωσφόρος, Eosphorus, the "Bringer of Dawn"; the evening star they called Hesperos (Ἓσπερος, the star of the dusk) — by Hellenistic times, it was realized they were the same planet. Hesperos would be translated into Latin as Vesper and Phosphorus as Lucifer, a poetic term later used to refer to the fallen angel cast out of heaven.[41] The Romans would later name the planet in honor of their goddess of love, Venus, whereas the Greeks used the name of its Greek counterpart, Aphrodite.

To the Hebrews it was known as Noga ("shining"), Ayeleth-ha-Shakhar ("deer of the dawn") and Kochav-ha-'Erev ("star of the evening"). Venus was important to the Mayan civilization, who developed a religious calendar based in part upon its motions, and held the motions of Venus to determine the propitious time for events such as war. The Maasai people named the planet Kileken, and have an oral tradition about it called The Orphan Boy. In western astrology, derived from its historical connotation with goddesses of femininity and love, Venus is held to influence those aspects of human life. In Vedic astrology, where such an association was not made, Venus or Shukra affected wealth, comfort, and attraction. Early Chinese astronomers called the body Tai-pe, or the "beautiful white one". Modern Chinese, Korean, Japanese and Vietnamese cultures refer to the planet literally as the metal star (Chinese: 金星), based on the Five elements.

Answer 2

Yes to the above, but the the Romans later named the planet in honor of their goddess of love, Venus.

Answer 3

Venus was given two names:
1. The Morning Star which would appear near the horizon.
It was pictured as a bearded Man and a warrior.
2. And the Evening Star also near the horizon., was a nude
woman laying down to show the time to go to sleep.
It was also called the Shepherd star for it was time to
take their flock home.
They sometimes believed that it was two different stars.

Answer 4

In Roman astronomy, Lucifer was the name given to the morning star (the star we now know by another Roman name, Venus).