The reformers got rid of the Pope Leo X as their leader who was a Medici. He also sexual affairs with some of the local Italian peasants who fathered a child. He bankrupted the Catholic Church's coffers to spend on ornate Churches in Rome and other extravagances which offended a lot of people including many Cardinals. In order to fill up the Church's treasury, he instituted an indulgences where a church member pays the priests for forgiveness in order to go to heaven. Martin Luther, who was a German monk, thought this was wrong and wrote 95 theses on this and other corruption of the Pope. The reformers also made the bible written in the local language instead of Medieval Latin which the Catholic Church still uses.
2007-01-12 09:03:26
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answer #1
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answered by Anonymous
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Some of Martin Luther's gripes, the sale of indulgences being the most notable, were legit - and the Church halted the currupted misuse of indulgences, among other things. Beyond that, the core beliefs and practices of the Catholic Church did not change. In fact, they were reaffirmed at the Council of Trent.
2007-01-16 00:53:50
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answer #2
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answered by Daver 7
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They haven't changed the chuch a bit. The church remains solid
after 2000 years. Coruptions such as selling indulgences and other things were addressed but it didn't bring any of the reformers back since the church couldn/t change Christ's teachings to suit them.
2007-01-12 09:07:47
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answer #3
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answered by robert m 7
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The Church of the Lord Jesus Christ, as noted in the Holy Bible containing the 66 books of the Old and New Testament, has always be "organized" with Jesus the Christ/Messiah as the Head of the Church, which is also known as his body. It is called his body mostly because its true members are united to him by the indwelling of the Holy Spirit in each true believer. Jesus, being simultaneously God and man, is referred to as the second member of the triune God, with God the Father being referred to as the first member and God the Holy Spirit referred to as the third member. Christians "worship one God in Trinity, and Trinity in Unity; neither confounding the persons, nor dividing the substance for there is one Person of the Father, another of the Son and another of the Holy Spirit. But the Godhead of the Father, of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit is all one, the glory equal, the majesty co-eternal." This is consistant with the teachings of the Bible and has been understood and taught by the universal church for almost 2,000 years.
However, under the traditions of men and a distortion of the Bible, the Roman Catholic church formed what was essentially a dictatorship, with the Pope having ultimate authority over church matters. After the Reformation period (1517-1689) it was decided by the Roman Catholic church that whenever the Pope speaks "ex-cathedra" his word is infallible.
Martin Luther, along with others like Ulrich Zwingli, became convinced through the reading of the Bible, especially in its original Greek and Hebrew, that the "Organization" of the Church had been distorted by Popes and many councils as well. Luther set out to make known the teaching of the Bible as it relates to the Church of the Lord Jesus Christ. In so doing, he rediscovered the Bible's teaching on the indwelling of the Holy Spirit and the priesthood of all believers.
These reformers, through a study of the Scriptures as well as through a thorough reading of the writings of the early church, began to understand the degradation of the church. It became evident that even the gospel had been distorted and almost lost. The common slogan of the Reformation came to be known as the Five Solas of the Reformation: Sola Scriptura, Solus Christus, Sola Gratia, Sola Fide, Soli Deo Gloria (by Scripture alone, by Christ alone, by grace alone, by faith alone, for the glory of God alone).
The Roman Catholic church would not give up their power and teaching on the Christian religion so easily. Therefore, the Reformers were forced out of the organized Catholic church, and forced to worship in different places and under a different organization. They held tight to Scripture to properly assess how it was the Lord desired to be worshiped and how He desired his church to be "organized."
During this time in history various groups emerged in different parts of Europe. The 1,000 years of Roman Catholic rule had greatly affected the understanding of church and state relations. The next 100 years were spent reworking their understanding of the church. None of the Protestant churches, as they became known from the name of the first group of German princes who rejected Roman Catholic rule, recognized the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic system. Instead the Headship of Jesus Christ over every believer and every local church was recognized, as well as the priesthood of every believer.
2007-01-12 15:58:24
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answer #4
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answered by BLP 1
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A monk, a priest and professor of Theology, Martin Luther is better known as the Church Reformer, although his influence is also to be found in Education and Literature. Luther also fought for popularization of the schools and translated the Bible into German.
Luther was born on November 10th, in Eisleben, Turingia. He attended Latin schools in Mansfeld, Magdeburg and Eisenach, and was awarded the degree of Bachelor and Master of Arts by the University of Erfurt.
In 1505, he started his studies of law, but had to quit because of a message which he claimed to have received: on a stormy day he pleaded for help with Saint Anne, promising her to become a monk. Since then he retired into the Monastery of the Augustinian Order in Erfurt.
Luther was made priest in 1507. Encouraged by his superiors, he proceeded in his studies and obtained the degree of Doctor of Theology, in 1512. By decision of the Order’s Vicar, Hans von Staupitz, he was made a professor of Theology (Lectura in Biblia) at the Wittenberg University. Is his research, he discovered in the Epistle to the Romans what would be the theme of his future: salvation by faith alone. And, as a professor, he could freely propagate his ideas.
In was in 1517 that Luther fastened to the doors of the Wittenberg church 95 theses rejecting, for the whole part, the practice of selling indulgences and sustaining the proposition that God gives forgiveness freely to whomever believes in Jesus Christ. After they were translated into German these theses spread throughout Germany like a train of gunpowder. The Lutheran Reform had thus begun.
The Curia prompted the Order of the Augustinians, the Papal Court and others to act in hushing up the conflict. But Luther had secured the support of the chapter of the Augustinian Order and had been backed up by the faculty professors of the Wittenberg University. He presented and defended his position in a debate with Hans Eck, in Leipzig. Even thus, the Pope excommunicated Luther in 1521.
At the same year, Luther was indicted by the Emperor Karl V and had to appear before the Assembly of Worms. Feeling sure of himself, he told the following to his inquisitors who wanted a retraction: "Whatever there is no retract from, I do not know, or want to, or can... because to act against one’s conscience is neither safe nor honest".
Luther was outlawed by the Emperor and was sheltered by Duke Frederik at the Castle of Wartburg, near Eisenach. In his shelter, he translated the New Testament from Greek into German, striving to write in such a simple and clear form as to be understood by everyone. He literally changed the language of his country, laying the foundations of modern German, although this had not been his prime intention.
Following the Peasant’s War in 1525, Luther set about to bring together the churches and schools that had adhered to the Reform in the German territories and the neighboring countries. He published cut service orders and books of Christian teaching, among which the Great Catechism and the Small Catechism.
Em 1530, the Emperor summoned him to the second Augsburg Assembly in an attempt in overcome the conflict. Philip Melanchton submitted to the Assembly a defense that would later be known as the Augsburg Confession. In spite of this, neither the Augsburg Confession, nor the efforts subsequently made could restore unity into the Roman Church and the Empire. In the intervening years, during the Council of Trent – 1545/63 – the Counter-Reform broke out.
The principles of the Reform were adopted in Germany, in the Baltic and Scandinavian countries, and in Finland. They were also accepted in France, England – where the Anglican Church was under State authority – and in the Netherlands. With emigration, the Lutherans spread throughout the word. Today, they amount to about 62 millions.
In Brazil, Lutheranism is represented by nearly 1 million people congregating in the Evangelic Lutheran Church in Brazil (Igreja Evangélica Luterana do Brasil – IELB) and the Evangelic Church of Lutheran Confession in Brazil (Igreja Evangélica de Confissão Luterana no Brasil).
In 1525, Luther married Katharina von Bora, and ex-nun noble descent, and had six children. He died in Eisleben on February 18th, 1546. He was buried at the church of the Wittenberg’s Castle.
Based on a text by the Brazilian Enterprise of Post and Telegraphs
2007-01-12 09:10:46
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answer #5
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answered by drdoowopp2 3
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