Who invented the branch of maths called "Trignometry"and when was it done?

Answer 1

Trigonometry was probably invented for the purposes of astronomy[2]. The origins of trigonometry can be traced to the civilizations of ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley, more than 4000 years ago.[citation needed] The common practice of measuring angles in degrees, minutes and seconds comes from the Babylonian's base sixty system of numeration.

The first recorded use of trigonometry came from the Hellenistic mathematician Hipparchus [1] circa 150 BC, who compiled a trigonometric table using the sine for solving triangles. Ptolemy further developed trigonometric calculations circa 100 AD.

The Sulba Sutras written in India, between 800 BC and 500 BC, correctly compute the sine of π/4 (45°) as 1/√2 in a procedure for circling the square (the opposite of squaring the circle).

The ancient Sinhalese, when constructing reservoirs in the Anuradhapura kingdom, used trigonometry to calculate the gradient of the water flow.

The Indian mathematician Aryabhata in 499, gave tables of half chords which are now known as sine tables, along with cosine tables. He used zya for sine, kotizya for cosine, and otkram zya for inverse sine, and also introduced the versine.

Another Indian mathematician, Brahmagupta in 628, used an interpolation formula to compute values of sines, up to the second order of the Newton-Stirling interpolation formula.

In the 10th century, the Persian mathematician and astronomer Abul Wáfa introduced the tangent function and improved methods of calculating trigonometry tables. He established the angle addition identities, e.g. sin (a + b), and discovered the sine formula for spherical geometry:


Also in the late 10th and early 11th centuries, the Egyptian astronomer Ibn Yunus performed many careful trigonometric calculations and demonstrated the formula cos(a)cos(b) = (1 / 2)[cos(a + b) + cos(a − b)].

Indian mathematicians were the pioneers of variable computations algebra for use in astronomical calculations along with trigonometry. Lagadha (circa 1350-1200 BC) is the first person thought to have used geometry and trigonometry for astronomy, in his Vedanga Jyotisha.

Persian mathematician Omar Khayyám (1048-1131) combined trigonometry and approximation theory to provide methods of solving algebraic equations by geometrical means. Khayyam solved the cubic equation x3 + 200x = 20x2 + 2000 and found a positive root of this cubic by considering the intersection of a rectangular hyperbola and a circle. An approximate numerical solution was then found by interpolation in trigonometric tables.

Detailed methods for constructing a table of sines for any angle were given by the Indian mathematician Bhaskara in 1150, along with some sine and cosine formulae. Bhaskara also developed spherical trigonometry.

The 13th century Persian mathematician Nasir al-Din Tusi, along with Bhaskara, was probably the first to treat trigonometry as a distinct mathematical discipline. Nasir al-Din Tusi in his Treatise on the Quadrilateral was the first to list the six distinct cases of a right angled triangle in spherical trigonometry.

In the 14th century, Persian mathematician al-Kashi and Timurid mathematician Ulugh Beg (grandson of Timur) produced tables of trigonometric functions as part of their studies of astronomy.

The mathematician Bartholemaeus Pitiscus published an influential work on trigonometry in 1595 which may have coined the word "trigonometry".

Answer 2

It's an interesting question whether it was ever "invented" or should we say "discovered?"

I don't know, but it was very likely invented/discovered independently in many different cultures at different times. Compare with what we call "Pythagoras' Theorem," the ancient Chinese knew about this long before the Greeks were around.

Even e=mc^2 was suggested before Einstein!

Answer 3

The Greek mathematician Hipparchus is thought to have founded trigonometry in about 140 BC. Check the source url to find out more...

Answer 4

"Trigonometry was probably invented for the purposes of astronomy. The origins of trigonometry can be traced to the civilizations of ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley, more than 4000 years ago"

Answer 5

The celebrated Greek astronomer Hipparchus of Nicaea (born about 160 B.C.) is often referred to as the founder of trigonometry. The word is derived from two Greek words, trigonon, meaning three-angle, and metrein, to measure.

Answer 6

Well Pythagoras is an important mathematician of Trigonometry, but im afraid you'll have to do some more research on that because i don't know any more off hand. Good Luck :)

Answer 7

John Napier (1550 - 1617) probably invented these formulas

Answer 8

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Answer 9

All wrong. It was Trigger out of Only Fools and Horses.

Oh - perhaps you meant Trigonometry instead?