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2007-01-10 22:08:44 · 8 answers · asked by Dark Warrior 1 in Science & Mathematics Geography

8 answers

SUNDERBANS in INDIA and BANGLADESH.

Mangrove forest is the type of forest occuring on tidal flats along the sea cost extending along the streams where the water is brackish.

The Sundarbans are a part of the world's largest delta formed by the rivers Ganges,Brahmaputra and Meghna.
The total area of the Sunderbans is 9630 sq. km

2007-01-10 22:13:49 · answer #1 · answered by Som™ 6 · 0 0

Tidal Forest

2016-12-10 19:44:46 · answer #2 · answered by ? 4 · 0 0

Where the land meets the sea at the southern tip of West Bengal lies the Indian Sundarbans, a stretch of impenetrable mangrove forest of great size and bio-diversity. A UNESCO World Heritage Site (awarded in ’97) , Sundarban is a vast area covering 4262 square kms in India alone, with a larger portion in Bangladesh. 2585 sq. kms of the Indian Sundarban forms the largest Tiger Reserve and National Park in India. The total area of the Indian part of the Sundarban forest, lying within the latitude between 21°13’-22°40’ North and longitude 88°05’-89°06’ East, is about 4,262 sq km, of which 2,125 sq km is occupied by mangrove forest across 56 islands and the balance is under water.

The Sundarbans are a part of the world's largest delta formed by the rivers Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna. Situated on the lower end of the Gangetic West Bengal, 21°13’-22°40’ North and longitude 88°05’-89°06’ East, it is also the world’s largest estuarine forest. The Sundarbans is inhospitable, dangerous and monotonous. Dense mangrove forests occupy 56 islands and the balance is under saline water which flows through numerous tidal channels and creeks. It is difficult to approach and even more difficult to spend time in. But for those who dare, it must be one of the most attractive and alluring places remaining on earth.

2007-01-11 17:59:49 · answer #3 · answered by Rags 2 · 0 0

Right, you left out bio fuel because that's a whole other debate in itself, and there is an opposing side with pages of arguments, most of them stretched, wrong or lies. But that didn't stop some of the deniers from turning the question right back to bio fuel anyway, and not even touching wind, solar, tidal or geothermal. Whatever. Bio fuel is where their talking points are so that's should be expected, it's just what they do. And why are so many deniers so keen on algae oil all of a sudden. Is there oil funded research on that? Did Bill O'reilly talk about it? The only reason I can imagine is that it is still years away from being viable, when we have viable options now. So of course, oil companies would push for the non viable option. It has great potential though. Another one is ethanol from cellulose, and methane from bio mass. A brewing operation like that could start with the waste from food, farming, paper, lumbar, waste disposal, and many other industries. They could produce fuel and soil. Nobody opposes that, they oppose ethanol from corn sugar, because that's what they know, but if there were government subsidies for ethanol from cellulose, deniers would oppose that too. Unless of course republicans were in power at the time it was subsidized, then they would be all over it. And we can't expect any of the alternatives to compete with fossil fuels in the market place. Fossil fuels have an unfair advantage, it's densely packed energy that literally spews up from the ground. It's filthy and toxic, but it's cheap. Everything else requires a little bit more work, that's all. But that's not a valid reason to oppose it. so the reasons are: 1) they have a lower profit margin then fossil fuels. And that's it. That's all there is.

2016-03-14 04:21:16 · answer #4 · answered by Anonymous · 0 0

The Sunderbans are the largest tidal or mangrove forests in the world,covering an area of 4262 square kms in india alone.

2007-01-10 22:15:33 · answer #5 · answered by shinysingh15 2 · 1 0

The largest tidal forest in the world is in Asia along Bengal,India and Bangladesh and is named Sundarbans

2007-01-10 22:24:57 · answer #6 · answered by Sudden 5 · 0 0

Sundarbans

Ganges River Delta, Bangladesh and IndiaThe Sundarbans delta is the largest mangrove forest in the world. It lies at the mouth of the Ganges and is spread across areas of Bangladesh and West Bengal, India, forming the seaward fringe of the delta. Interestingly, the Bangladesh and Indian portion of the jungle are listed in the UNESCO world heritage list separately as the Sundarbans and Sundarbans National Park respectively, though they are simply parts of the same forest. The Sundarbans is intersected by a complex network of tidal waterways, mudflats and small islands of salt-tolerant mangrove forests, and presents an excellent example of ongoing ecological processes. The area is known for its wide range of fauna. The most famous among these are the maneating Royal Bengal Tigers, but numerous species of birds, spotted deer, crocodiles and snakes also inhabit it. It is estimated that there are now 400 Bengal tigers and about 30,000 spotted deer in the area.

Most of the plot of prize-winning anthropologist Amitav Ghosh's 2004 novel, The Hungry Tide, is set in the Sundarbans.

During each monsoon season almost all the Bengali delta is submerged, much of it for half a year. The sediment of the lower delta plain is primarily advected inland by monsoonal coastal setup and cyclonic events. One of the greatest challenges people living on the Ganges Delta may face in coming years is the threat of rising sea levels caused mostly by subsidence in the region and partly by climate change. Residents have to be careful building on the river delta, as severe flooding sometimes occurs. A 1990 study noted "There is no evidence that environmental degradation in the Himalayas or a 'greenhouse'-induced rise in sea level have aggravated floods in Bangladesh." Upstream dams can reduce fresh water supply. In many of the Indian mangrove wetlands, freshwater reaching the mangroves was considerably reduced from the late 19th century due to diversion of freshwater in the upstream area. Also the Bengal Basin is slowly tilting towards the east due to neo-tectonic movement. As a result, the salinity of Bangladesh Sunderbans is much lower than that of the Indian Sunderbans.

History-

In 1911 it was described as a tract of waste country which had never been surveyed, nor had the census been extended to it. It then stretched for about 165 miles from the mouth of the Hugli to the mouth of the Meghna, and was bordered inland by the three settled districts of the Twenty-four Parganas, Khulna and Backergunje. The total area (including water) was estimated at 6526 square miles. It was a water-logged jungle, in which tigers and other wild beasts abounded. Attempts at reclamation had not been very successful. The characteristic tree was the sundri (Heritiera littoralis), from which the name of the tract had probably been derived. It yields a hard wood, sued for building, and for making boats, furniture, etc. The Sundarbans were everywhere intersected by river channels and creeks, some of which afforded water communication between Calcutta and the Brahmaputra valley, both for steamers and for native boats.

Ecosystem-

The mangrove-dominated Ganges delta – the Sundarbans - is a complex ecosystem comprising one of the three largest single tract of mangrove forests of the world. Shared between two neighboring countries, Bangladesh and India, the larger part (62%)is situated in the southwest corner of Bangladesh. To the south the forest meets the Bay of Bengal; to the east it is bordered by the Baleswar River and to the north there is a sharp interface with intensively cultivated land. The natural drainage in the upstream areas, other than the main river channels, is everywhere impeded by extensive embankments and polders. The total land area is 4,143 km² (including exposed sandbars: 42 km²) and the remaining water area of 1,874 km² encompasses rivers, small streams and canals. Rivers in the Sundarbans are meeting places of salt water and freshwater. Thus, it is a region of transition between the freshwater of the rivers originating from the Ganges and the saline water of the Bay of Bengal (Wahid et al.. 2002).

In terms of biodiversity, the Sundarbans contrasts the other large mangrove forests for its extraordinarily diverse wildlife and designated as a UNESCO’s World Network of International Biosphere Reserves since 2001. The forest also has immense protective and productive functions. Constituting 51% of the total reserved forest estate of Bangladesh it contributes about 41% of total forest revenue and accounts for about 45% of all timber and fuel wood output of the country (FAO 1995). A number of industries (e.g. newsprint mill, match factory, hardboard, boat building, furniture making) are based on the raw material obtained from the Sundarbans ecosystem. Various non-timber forest products and plantations help generate considerable employment and income generation opportunities for at least half a million poor coastal population. Besides production functions of the forest, it provides natural protection to life and properties of the coastal population in cyclone prone Bangladesh.

The Sundarbans has a population of over 4 million[1] but much of it is mostly free of permanent human habitation and retained a forest closure of about 70% according to the Overseas Development Administration (ODA) of the United Kingdom in 1985, forest inventories reveal a decline in standing volume of the two main commercial mangrove species—sundri (Heritiera fomes} and gewa (Excoecaria agallocha}—by 40% and 45% respectively between 1959 and 1983 (Forestal 1960 and ODA 1985). Also, despite a total ban on all killing or capture of wildlife other than fish and some invertebrates, there appears to be a pattern of depleted biodiversity or loss of species (notably at least six mammals and one important reptile this century), and that the "ecological quality of the original mangrove forest is declining" (IUCN 1994)..

2007-01-13 06:07:49 · answer #7 · answered by Anonymous · 0 0

south australia

2007-01-10 23:00:24 · answer #8 · answered by LAMLY R 1 · 0 2

the AMAZON IN SOUTH AMERICA

2007-01-11 05:40:44 · answer #9 · answered by John 2 · 0 1

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