HELP biology question!?

Question

Explain how Mendel developed the laws of segregation and independent assortment. How was he able to disaprove what most people during his time believed about inheritance?

Answer 1

he figured it out by experimenting with pea plants. unlike humans, pea plants are either on genotype or the other. he bred pure white flowered peas with pure purple. purebread means that when it self fertilises, it produces the same, in this case, color of flower. he noticed that if you bred purple and white, you ended up with all puple. if you bred those, one forth were white and the others were purple. the people of his time thought that genes blended, but through this he could prove that they stayed sepret and sorted themselves seperatly from one another.

Answer 2

The principles that govern heredity were discovered by a monk named Gregor Mendel in the 1860's. One of these principles, now called Mendel's law of segregation, states that the alleles for a trait separate when gametes are formed. These allele pairs are then randomly united at fertilization. Mendel arrived at this conclusion by performing monohybrid crosses. These were cross-pollination experiments with pea plants that differed in one trait, for example pod color.

Mendel began to wonder what would happen if he studied plants that differed in two traits. Would both traits be transmitted to the offspring together or would one trait be transmitted independently of the other? From his experiments Mendel developed the principle now known as Mendel's law of independent assortment.

Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment

Mendel performed dihybrid crosses (mating of parent plants that differ in two traits) in plants that were true-breeding for two traits. For example, a plant that had green pod color and yellow seed color was cross-pollinated with a plant that had yellow pod color and green seeds. In this cross, the traits for green pod color (GG) and yellow seed color (YY) are dominant. Yellow pod color (gg) and green seed color (yy) are recessive.

The resulting offspring or F1 generation were all heterozygous for green pod color and yellow seeds (GgYy).


(Figure A) Image Credit: Steve Berg, used with permission.

Mendel then allowed all of the F1 plants to self-pollinate. He referred to these offspring as the F2 generation. Mendel noticed a 9:3:3:1 ratio. About 9 of the F2 plants had green pods and yellow seeds, 3 had green pods and green seeds, 3 had yellow pods and yellow seeds and 1 had a yellow pod and green seeds.


(Figure B) Image Credit: Steve Berg, used with permission.

Mendel performed similar experiments focusing on several other traits like seed color and seed shape, pod color and pod shape, and flower position and stem length. He noticed the same ratios in each case. From these experiments Mendel formulated what is now known as Mendel's law of independent assortment. This law states that allele pairs separate independently during the formation of gametes. Therefore, traits are transmitted to offspring independently of one another.

Most people believed that, for example, if a mother had black hair and a father had blonde hair that their child would have whatever colour that mixed to be.
Or if a dad was tall and a mom was short, the child would grow up to be the exact height between them.
Mendel disproved it by introducing the idea of parents having "hidden" traits. Yes, it was possible for the child to be that height, but not for the reasons they thought.

Answer 3

He noticed that some pea plants had long stems and some had short. He found that when he bred tall with tall and short with short, tall made tall and short made short. Then, when he cross bred tall and short, the next generation was all tall, then, the second generation had both tall and short. That's about all I know.

Answer 4

he used pea plants to see how they redroduce.
he took sperm from the male pea plant and placed it in the egg of the female. then studied the phenotype and genotype of the plants

if thats not the answer your looking for, then sorry.

please email me if the answer was okay.

Answer 5

I thought there were laws against segregation.

Answer 6

What?