what is the definition for nodal surface?
2007-01-09 14:02:29 · 3 answers · asked by Robin F 1 in Science & Mathematics ➔ Chemistry
Each orbital for the same principle quantum number n, as a standing wave, should have n -1 nodal surfaces, i.e. surfaces where amplitude of the standing wave changes sign and probability to find an electron equals zero.
From http://www.chemistry.nmsu.edu/studntres/chem111/resources/notes/atomic_orbitals.html
o to this site to see images
2007-01-09 14:33:58 · answer #1 · answered by teachbio 5 · 0⤊ 0⤋
For Example:
1s - 1s' + 1s" Symmetric Anti Bonding (2 nodal surfaces perpendicular to the bonds)
1s - 1s" Antisymmetric Non bonding (1 nodal surface along the axis of symmetry)
1s + 1s' + 1s" Symmetric Bonding (0 nodal surface)
Two electrons occupy the symmetric bonding orbital and the third one occupy the non bonding orbital.
The details is from WIKI:
2007-01-09 14:51:30 · answer #2 · answered by Korea Girl 2 · 0⤊ 0⤋
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2016-04-03 01:27:08
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answer #3
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answered by Anonymous
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The wave function for the 1s2p 3P state of the helium atom is found to have an unexpectedly simple nodal hypersurface, symmetric about the z axis when the position of one electron is fixed and independent of the interelectron distance. The six-dimensional configuration space of the electrons is divided by the surface into two geometrically similar regions, but the hypersurface is not a plane of symmetry and points on the hypersurface are not at equivalent sites in the two regions. Stemming from known properties of one-dimensional (1-D) and 2-D quantum billiards, it is conjectured that the nodal surface of the first-excited state of the convex 3-D quantum billiard intersects the billiard surface in a single simple closed curve. Examples of the validity of this conjecture are given for a number of elementary 3-D billiard configurations. From these examples a second conjecture is introduced that addresses convex quantum billiards which are figures of rotation and contain one and only one plane of mirror symmetry normal to the axis of rotation. Two characteristic displacement parameters are defined which are labeled an axis length, L, and diameter, a. It is conjectured that a parameter 1, exists, whose exact value depends on the properties of the billiard, such that for La (``prolatelike'') the nodal surface of the first-excited state of a quantum billiard is a plane surface of mirror symmetry which divides the length of the billiard in half. For L