what is the chemical name and formula for carbon monoxide?

Question

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Answer 1

Carbon monoxide is so fundamentally important that many methods have been developed for its production.

"Producer gas" is formed by combustion of carbon in oxygen at high temperatures when there is an excess of carbon. In an oven, air is passed through a bed of coke. The initially produced CO2 equilibrates with the remaining hot carbon to give CO. The reaction of CO2 with carbon to give CO is described as the Boudouard equilibrium. Above 800 °C, CO is the predominant product:

O2 + 2 C → 2 CO ΔH = -221 kJ/mol
"Synthesis gas" is produced via the endothermic reaction of steam and carbon:

H2O + C → H2 + CO ΔH = 131 kJ/mol
CO also is a byproduct of the reduction of metal oxide ores with carbon, shown in a simplified form as follows:

MO + C → M + CO ΔH = 131 kJ/mol
Since CO is a gas, the reduction process can be driven by heating, exploiting the positive (favorable) entropy of reaction. The Ellingham diagram shows that CO formation is favoured over CO2 in high temperatures.

CO is the anhydride of formic acid. As such it is conveniently produced by the dehydration of formic acid, for example with sulfuric acid: This reaction is the basis of a convenient laboratory synthesis of CO.

Another laboratory preparation for carbon monoxide is to heat a mixture of finely divided zinc metal mixed with calcium carbonate.

Zn + CaCO3 → ZnO + CaO + CO

The CO molecule is characterized by a bond length of 0.1128 nm. This distance is consistent with a partial triple bond. The molecule has a small dipole moment and can be represented by three resonance structures:


The most important resonance form is on the left.[3] Although one might expect a large dipole moment due to the electronegativity differences between oxygen and carbon, the formal negative charge on the carbon cancels this difference, resulting in a small dipole moment.

Nitrogen is isoelectronic to carbon monoxide, which means it has the similar electron configuration. The physical properties of N2 and CO are similar.

Answer 2

Carbon monoxide *is* the chemical name for CO.

Answer 3

CO = carbon monoxide
CO2 = carbon dioxide