Can smne tell me anything abt deforestation? Urgent Pls..?

Question

I am a Secondary 2 student and have to do a project for this year.
The topic is on "Natural Environment-Deforestation." So I would appreciate if someone can tell me how to present my work other than using powerpoint and webpage. I would also like to know where i can get sources of info other than the internet. (like specific books or sth). Can i also know what type of audience will be attracted to this presentation and what will my aim be. And pls pls pls share with me as much info as possible about deforestation and its impact on Earth/Us.. (effect-positive or negative) Thank You.... :D

Thnx alot... Ur opinions are of great help for me... This caan be used for my project, where i am planning to have a section on "opinions of people who care and don't care"... thnx

Answer 1

Well, you have a project with a lot of meat, and there certainly is a lot of discussion on this worldwide.

Your primary audience are the two extremes of ecology. You will find those people in the middle simply do not care about the topic or the impact. It does not affect their lives and therefore will not read your work.

However, those who are solidly in favor of ecology and are hungry for anything that carries the story or promotes "green" projects or issues will read this, and also those who are sick and tired of "tree huggers" getting in the way of progress.

I think you need to take a stand on one side of the issue or the other and your thesis should support that stand. The issue is a big one, as there are many that feel that deforestation is part of the reason why we have global warming, why the climate is shifting, why villages are washed away, and lots of other things.

The economic reason for deforestation is that humanity needs wood, and it is easier to log the entire forest and then to replant than to selectively fall only certain trees. It is a very timeconsuming and labor intensive (therefore expensive) proposition to try to leave old growth timber or selected areas in the forest.

The Amazon forest in Brazil is losing forest at a very rapid rate. Entire areas are decimated by this activity. Trees take in carbon dioxide and give off oxygen, so the quality of air is being impacted.

There are lots of things to talk about, but you will want to do a lot of research first to understand the issues and to take a legitimate side from which you can forcefully make your points and argument.

The websites below will point you to additional reference material. It is available in abundance.

Best of luck.

Answer 2

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Answer 3

Deforestation is the conversion of forested areas to non-forest land use such as arable land, urban use, logged area or wasteland. Historically, this meant conversion to grassland or to its artificial counterpart, grainfields; however, the Industrial Revolution added urbanization. Generally this removal or destruction of significant areas of forest cover has resulted in a degraded environment with reduced biodiversity. In developing countries, massive deforestation is ongoing and is shaping climate and geography.

Deforestation results from removal of trees without sufficient reforestation; however, even with reforestation, significant biodiversity loss may occur. There are many causes, ranging from slow forest degradation to sudden and catastrophic wildfires. Deforestation can be the result of the deliberate removal of forest cover for agriculture or urban development, or it can be an unintentional consequence of uncontrolled grazing (which can prevent the natural regeneration of young trees). The combined effect of grazing and fires can be a major cause of deforestation in dry areas. In addition to the direct effects brought about by forest removal, indirect effects caused by edge effects and habitat fragmentation can greatly magnify the effects of deforestation.

While tropical rainforest deforestation has attracted most attention, tropical dry forests are being lost at a substantially higher rate, primarily as an outcome of slash-and-burn techniques used by shifting cultivators. Generally loss of biodiversity is highly correlated with deforestation.

Impact on the Environment

Deforestation alters the hydrologic cycle, alterring the amount of water in the soil and groundwater and the moisture in the atmosphere. Forests support considerable biodiversity, providing valuable habitat for wildlife; moreover, forests foster medicinal conservation and the recharge of aquifers. With forest bioptopes being a major, irreplacable source of new drugs (like taxol), deforestation can destroy genetic variations (such as crop resistance) irretrievably.

Shrinking forest cover lessens the landscape's capacity to intercept, retain and transport precipitation. Instead of trapping precipitation, which then percolates to groundwater systems, deforested areas become sources of surface water runoff, which moves much faster than subsurface flows. That quicker transport of surface water can translate into flash flooding and more localized floods than would occur with the forest cover. Deforestation also contributes to decreased evapotranspiration, which lessens atmospheric moisture which in some cases affects precipitation levels downwind from the deforested area, as water is not recycled to downwind forests, but is lost in runoff and returns directly to the oceans. According to one preliminary study, in deforested north and northwest China, the average annual precipitation decreased by one third between the 1950s and the 1980s

Long-term gains can be obtained by managing forest lands sustainably to maintain both forest cover and provide a biodegrable renewable resource. Forests are also important stores of organic carbon, and forests can extract carbon dioxide and pollutants from the air, thus contributing to biosphere stability and probably relevant to the greenhouse effect. Forests are also valued for their aesthetic beauty and as a cultural resource and tourist attraction.


http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Library/Deforestation/deforestation_3.html

Deforestation and the Global Carbon Cycle
Deforestation increases the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other trace gases in the atmosphere. The plants and soil of tropical forests hold 460-575 billion metric tons of carbon worldwide with each acre of tropical forest storing about 180 metric tons of carbon. When a forest is cut and burned to establish cropland and pastures, the carbon that was stored in the tree trunks (wood is about 50% carbon) joins with oxygen and is released into the atmosphere as CO2.

The loss of forests has a profound effect on the global carbon cycle. From 1850 to 1990, deforestation worldwide (including the United States) released 122 billion metric tons of carbon into the atmosphere, with the current rate being approximately 1.6 billion metric tons per year. In comparison, fossil fuel burning (coal, oil, and gas) releases about 6 billion metric tons per year, so it is clear that deforestation makes a significant contribution to the increasing CO2 in the atmosphere. Releasing CO2 into the atmosphere enhances the greenhouse effect, and could contribute to an increase in global temperatures (see Global Warming Fact Sheet, NF-222).

Deforestation and the Hydrologic Cycle
Tropical deforestation also affects the local climate of an area by reducing the evaporative cooling that takes place from both soil and plant life. As trees and plants are cleared away, the moist canopy of the tropical rain forest quickly diminishes. Recent research suggests that about half of the precipitation that falls in a tropical rain forest is a result of its moist, green canopy. Evaporation and evapotranspiration processes from the trees and plants return large quantities of water to the local atmosphere, promoting the formation of clouds and precipitation. Less evaporation means that more of the Sun's energy is able to warm the surface and, consequently, the air above, leading to a rise in temperatures.

Deforestation and Biodiversity
Worldwide, 5 to 80 million species of plants and animals comprise the "biodiversity" of planet Earth. Tropical rain forests-covering only 7% of the total dry surface of the Earth-hold over half of all these species. Of the tens of millions of species believed to be on Earth, scientists have only given names to about 1.5 million of them, and even fewer of the species have been studied in depth.

Many of the rain forest plants and animals can only be found in small areas, because they require a special habitat in which to live. This makes them very vulnerable to deforestation. If their habitat is destroyed, they may become extinct. Every day, species are disappearing from the tropical rain forests as they are cleared. We do not know the exact rate of extinction, but estimates indicate that up to 137 species disappear worldwide each day.

The loss of species will have a great impact on the planet. We are losing species that might show us how to prevent cancer or help us find a cure for AIDS. Other organisms are losing species they depend upon, and thus face extinction themselves.