protestant reformation?

Answer 1

What, exactly, would you like to know?

It's generally held to have started with Martin Luther nailing his 95 Theses to the church door in Wittenberg, Germany. All he wanted to do was debate issues that he found disturbing in the Catholic Church, such as the sale of indulgences, but he stirred up a firestorm.

The upshot of it all was a splintering of the religious unity that had been characteristic of Europe at this time--mind you, there had often been dissenters, such as the Cathars in France, the Lollards in England, and the Hussites in Bohemia--but this led to a real revolution of sorts, and out of it came not only the Lutheran Church, but the Anglican and Presbyterian as well.

As for Luther, he never intended to begin another church; he simply wanted reform in the Catholic Church. Among other things, he felt that the Bible should be available to all believers (he even translated it into German).

He eventually married and provided a pattern that has been prevalent in Protestant denominations ever since, that of a married clergy--he and his wife eventually raised a family, too.

Answer 2

It happened.