what is mutation ?

Question

give some information about mutations in animals.

Answer 1

a relatively permanent change in hereditary material involving either a physical change in chromosome relations or a biochemical change in the codons that make up genes; also : the process of producing a mutation b : an individual, strain, or trait resulting from mutation

Websters Dictionary

Answer 2

In the mathematical field of knot theory, a mutation is an operation on a knot that can produce different knots. Suppose K is a knot given in the form of a knot diagram. Consider a disc D in the projection plane of the diagram whose boundary circle intersects K exactly four times. We may suppose that (after planar isotopy) the disc is geometrically round and the four points of intersection on its boundary with K are equally spaced. The part of the knot inside the disc is a tangle (mathematics). There are two reflections that switch pairs of endpoints of the tangle. There is also a rotation that results from composition of the reflections. A mutation replaces the original tangle by a tangle given by any of these operations. The result will always be a knot and is called a mutant of K.

Mutants can be difficult to distinguish as they have a number of the same invariants. They have the same hyperbolic volume (by a result of Ruberman), and have the same HOMFLY polynomials.

Answer 3

A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene. Mutations in a gene's DNA sequence can alter the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the gene.
How does this happen? Like words in a sentence, the DNA sequence of each gene determines the amino acid sequence for the protein it encodes. The DNA sequence is interpreted in groups of three nucleotide bases, called codons. Each codon specifies a single amino acid in a protein

The animals become victims of the disease because of their daily movement in the toxic water along the coastal belt and the number of such animals was increasing day by day,

Answer 4

In biology, mutations are changes to the base pair sequence of genetic material (either DNA or RNA). Mutations can be caused by copying errors in the genetic material during cell division and by exposure to ultraviolet or ionizing radiation, chemical mutagens, or viruses, or can occur deliberately under cellular control during processes such as meiosis or hypermutation. In multicellular organisms, mutations can be subdivided into germline mutations, which can be passed on to descendants, and somatic mutations. The somatic mutations cannot be transmitted to descendants in animals. Plants sometimes can transmit somatic mutations to their descendants asexually or sexually (in case when flower buds develop in somatically mutated part of plant).

Mutations create variation in the gene pool, and the less favorable (or deleterious) mutations are removed from the gene pool by natural selection, while more favorable (beneficial or advantageous) ones tend to accumulate, resulting in evolutionary change. Neutral mutations are defined as mutations whose effects do not influence the fitness of either the species or the individuals who make up the species. These can accumulate over time due to genetic drift. The overwhelming majority of mutations have no significant effect, since DNA repair is able to mend most changes before they become permanent mutations, and many organisms have mechanisms for eliminating otherwise permanently mutated somatic cells.

Answer 5

Mutation is a permanent heritable change in the gene structure resulting in structural and/or functional derangements in the body. Mutation is caused by certain specific agents which are called Mutants. They may be environmental factors like uv radiation, nuclear radiation, heat, or living organisms like viruses, etc. Mutation is of the following types: point mutation, gene mutation, transition, transversion, addition/insertion, deletion,etc.

Answer 6

mutations occur naturally when the genes are altered. If the mutation is beneficial it will give the animal an advantage over the other animals. If it's passed on it will give the offspring the same advantages.

Here's Wikipedia link
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation

Answer 7

A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene. Mutations in a gene's DNA sequence can alter the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the gene.
How does this happen? Like words in a sentence, the DNA sequence of each gene determines the amino acid sequence for the protein it encodes. The DNA sequence is interpreted in groups of three nucleotide bases, called codons. Each codon specifies a single amino acid in a protein.

Answer 8

AAATTTGGGCCC Original sequence of DNA (Gene)
AAATTGGGGCCC Mutation by substitution
AATTTGGGCCC Mutation by deletion
AAAATTTGGGCCC Mutation by addition
AAATTTGGCGCCC Mutation by inversion
So, you see mutation is change in the sequence of the Gene (DNA)
Whether it is the grass blade of an elephant, the style of mutation is the same.
What mutation does and what role it plays in evolution cannot be discussed within the framework of the question.

Answer 9

Mutation means Change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA or RNA through physical or chemical agents.

Answer 10

an altering of a genetic sequence or DNA code. If a DNA strand is copied incorrectly when a certain DNA base is deleted or altered this causes a mutation