Can I use the https: protocol to get around a filter? If so how?

Answer 1

That's not going to get you around a filter -- https doesn't do that for you. Filtering programs block sites by URL and / or IP address normally. And most filtering systems block proxies so that won't help either.

Unless the site you're hitting uses https, you're not going to hit it anyway. And if a https site is blocked, you won't get to it.

Answer 2

All https does is open pages with a secure link to them, to reduce the possibility that someone could tap into your data transfer and steal the information. It has nothing to do with getting around filters, firewalls, etc.