Please define and describe Anthropology & Philosophy?

Answer 1

Anthropology (from the Greek word ἄνθρωπος, "man" or "person") consists of the study of humanity (see genus Homo). It is holistic in two senses: it is concerned with all human beings at all times and with all dimensions of humanity.

In principle, it is concerned with all institutions of all societies. Anthropology is distinguished from other social-science disciplines by its emphasis on cultural relativity, in-depth examination of context, and cross-cultural comparisons. Some anthropologists have utilized anthropological knowledge to frame cultural critiques. This has been particularly prominent in America, from the popular attacks on Victorianism by Margaret Mead and Ruth Benedict through contemporary attacks on post-colonialism under the heading of postmodernism.

In practice, anthropology is reducible to four distinct fields of study. Biological or physical anthropology seeks to understand the physical human being through the study of genetics, inherited traits and variations thereof, evolution, adaptation, etc. Cultural anthropology is the investigation, often through long term, intensive field studies, of the culture of a particular people, its languages, economic patterns, kinships, political organizations, etc. Linguistic anthropology seeks to understand the processes of human communications, verbal and non-verbal; it identifies the many subtle elements of the world's languages and documents their structure, function and history. Finally, but of no less importance, archaeology is the study of the prehistory and early history of a culture and its development through the exploration, discovery, excavation, dating, and methodological analysis of the material remains of a culture.

Anthropology is a methodologically diverse discipline, incorporating both qualitative methods and quantitative methods. Ethnographies—intensive case studies based on field research—have historically had a central place in the literature of the discipline. Currently, advancements across the scientific disciplines such as in physics and chemistry have aided anthropologists in their efforts to better understand all of humanity. Radio-carbon dating is just one of many technologies used regularly in the field of anthropology.

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Philosophy (literally 'love of wisdom') is a subject in the Western intellectual tradition that is concerned with rational inquiry into issues of knowledge (What is it to know?), being (What is?), and conduct (What is right?).

There is no universal agreement about which subjects are the main branches of philosophy. In The Story of Philosophy, Will Durant lists logic, aesthetics, ethics, politics, and metaphysics. [6] He is clearly following the classical Greek structure with the exception of logic. The Greeks viewed logic as only one aspect of epistemology. Issues such as the basis of logic (i.e., the self-evident axioms on which logic rests), the validity of the senses, the issue of free will, the nature of emotions, the nature of the subjective and the objective, and others, are also included. Nevertheless, there are many places where these subjects overlap (particularly in metaphysics and epistemology), and there are many philosophical ideas that cannot be placed neatly into only one of these categories.

Each branch has its own particular questions. Logic asks: How do we distinguish arguments from premises to conclusions as valid or invalid? How can we know that a statement is true or false? What kinds of questions can we answer? Aesthetics asks: What is beauty? What is art? Ethics asks: What are values? Why does man need them? Are values absolute or relative? Is there a difference between morally right and wrong actions, values, or institutions? Which actions are right and which are wrong? What is happiness? Is there a normative value on which all other values depend? Are values 'in' the world (like tables and chairs) and if not, how should we understand their ontological status? Politics is the study of social organization. It asks such questions as: How should men interact in society? What is law? What is government? Do men need law and government? What is Justice? What is freedom in the political context? What is the nature of production and trade? How do they function within the various forms of government? Independent historians Will and Ariel Durant focus on the nature of government and describe "monarchy, aristocracy, democracy, socialism, anarchism & feminism" as the "dramatis personae of political philosophy". [7] And metaphysics asks: What is reality? What exists? Do things exist independently of perception? (See Solipsism, the idea that only perception exists.)

More and more the study of the history of philosophy is considered an important area of philosophy itself. Outside these broad categories are other areas of philosophical inquiry such as religion or theology.

Answer 2

I know you asked for two separate definitions but I am in a very cold Internet Cafe and must move on to warmer places so I just found this although it probably doesnt answere you.

Philosophical anthropology is the philosophical discipline that seeks to unify the several empirical investigations and phenomenological explorations of human nature in an effort to understand human beings as both creatures of their environment and creators of their own values. Although the majority of philosophers throughout the history of philosophy can be said to have a distinctive "anthropology" that undergirds his thought, philosophical anthropology itself, as a specific discipline in philosophy, arose within the later modern period as an outgrowth from developing methods in philosophy, such as phenomenology and existentialism. The former, which draws its energy from methodical reflection of human experience from the philosopher's own personal experience, naturally aided the emergence of philosophical explorations of human nature and the human condition.

Answer 3

Many people said they've been in love but truths is maybe 1/50 have really experinced it...it's hard to find because love is evol. And love doesn't come with an age...you can have love at age 2 or at age 100. Love is when a person is attracted to a person no matter how ugly they get physically and emoitionally because they still love the person no matter what their friends and mom or whoever say. They put up with bullshit,lies,games. They would still want to die in their arms.