What is Hypertonic solution? and Hypotonic solution?

Question

in biology

Answer 1

hypotonic-low concentration of solute(salt)
hypertonic-high concentration of solute (salt)

Answer 2

In Biology, a hypotonic solution has the lower osmotic pressure of two fluids and also describes a cell environment with a lower concentration of solutes than the cytoplasm of the cell. In a hypotonic environment, osmosis causes a net flow of water into the cell, causing swelling and expansion. This swelling can cause the cell to burst.

While a hypertonic cell environment has a higher concentration of solutes outside of the animal or plant cell. Osmosis causes water to flow out of the cell. If enough water is removed in this way, the cytoplasm will have such a small concentration of water that the cell has difficulty functioning.

Basically, a cell thats in a hypertonic environment has a higher concentration of solute in the environment than in the inside of the cell, making the net flow of water out of the cell. A cell in a hypotonic environment has a low concentration of solute in the environment than in the inside of the cell, making the net flow of water into the cell, eventually causing cell lysis.

Solutions and cell enviroments are also described, in terms of osmotic pressure, as being either hypotonic, hypertonic or isotonic.

Answer 3

In biology, a hypertonic cell environment has a higher concentration of solutes inside of the animal or plant cell. Osmosis causes water to flow out of the cell. If enough water is removed in this way, the cytoplasm will have such a small concentration of water that the cell has difficulty functioning.

Basically, a cell thats in a hypertonic environment has a higher concentration of solute in the environment than in the inside of the cell, making the net flow of water out of the cell. A cell in a hypotonic environment has a low concentration of solute in the environment than in the inside of the cell, making the net flow of water into the cell, eventually causing cell lysis.

A solution which has a higher concentration of solutes than that in a cell is said to be hypotonic. This solution has more solute particles and, therefore, relatively less water than the cell contents.


[edit] Living in a Hypertonic environment

Before plasmolysis
After plasmolysisIn plant cells, the effect is more dramatic. The cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall, but the cell remains joined to the adjacent cells at points called plasmodesmata. Thus, the cell takes on the appearance of a pincushion, with the plasmodesmata almost ceasing to function because they have become so constricted. This condition is known as plasmolysis.

In animal cells, being in a hypertonic environment results in crenation, where the shape of the cell becomes distorted and wrinkled as water leaves the cell.

Saltwater is hypertonic to the fish that live in it. The fish cannot isolate themselves from osmotic water loss, because they need a large surface area in their gills for gas exchange. They respond by drinking large amounts of water, and excreting the salt through their kidneys.

The opposite of hypertonic is hypotonic, where the net movement of water is into the cell; the intermediate state is called isotonic, where there is no net movement of water. This does not mean, however, that water is not moving; it means that water is moving both ways but with equal force, so the water concentration on either side of the cell membrane ultimately does not change. When a hypotonic cell dies, its remains are absorbed by other similar hypotonic cells.In Biology, a hypotonic solution has the lower osmotic pressure of two fluids and also describes a cell environment with a lower concentration of solutes than the cytoplasm of the cell. In a hypotonic environment, osmosis causes a net flow of water into the cell, causing swelling and expansion. This swelling can cause the cell to burst.

Solutions and cell enviroments are also described, in terms of osmotic pressure, as being either hypotonic, hypertonic or isotonic.


[edit] Living in a Hypotonic Environment
Plants thrive in hypotonic environments. Their cells have rigid cell walls that prevents bursting. The pressure of the cytoplasm against the cell wall keeps the plant from wilting and losing its shape. This pressure is called turgor pressure or osmotic pressure. On the other hand, cells without cell walls will swell and, if the environment is sufficiently hypotonic, burst (lyse) and die (referred to as cytolysis).

Some protists (such as Paramecium) counteract this with the use of contractile vacuoles that pump water rapidly out of the cell. Other organisms actually pump solutes out of the cell in order to lower the concentration gradient of the solute in the cell and hopefully create an isotonic environment.