The richest and most developed country in the world has not always been in the western world. At various times it has been Egypt, Iraq, Iran,China, India etc. For most of 5000 years of history that we know about, northern Europe was a backwater. There are different theories of why the west became the dominate economic power over the last 500 years or so, but none of them suggest it is being smarter. "Guns Germs and Steel" is a good starting point.
2007-01-03 16:31:38
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answer #1
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answered by meg 7
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Wealth of a country depends on several things. Economists like to call these 'things' institutions, and when a country has well developed institutions then the country will be able to develop. It is undeniable that the most important of these institutions is well defined and enforceable property rights. This makes since if you think about it; if you own a business it takes lots of money, effort, and time to make it successful. As you invest in you business, you help out the economy by creating jobs and investing in more and more equipment. The reason you have an incentive to do this is because, in the United States and other western world countries, you can be fairly confident that our government will not come along and take our business and other property away after we become successful. Although this seems crazy for people who live in the United States, it is actually quite common in places like Africa, South America, and parts of Asia.
Another very important institution that sort of goes along with well defined property rights is a stable, steady, consistent rule of law. If the laws are constantly changing you are less likely to try and invest the respected country.
Although there are many other things that affect whether or not a country will remain poor, these are arguably the most important features, and you will not find one rich country that does not have both of them. Hope that helps, feel free to contact me if you would like to discuss this further.
2007-01-03 03:41:12
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answer #2
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answered by Sulli 2
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It has nothing to do with race, but a combination of the European climate and a lot of luck.
The reason why some people looking for a race solution think that whites are somehow "smarter", is because Europeans did not have as favorable a hunter/gatherer climate and formed agricultural societies. These non-mobile societies formed a rich environment for science and technology.
Tropical nations did not really have this need due to abundant wildlife; not to mention the horrible tropical disease that made it difficult to settle particular areas.
There are numerous books on this; Diamond's "Guns, Germs, and Steel", De Soto's "The Mystery of Capital", Easterly's "Elusive Quest for Growth", and "The Poverty of Nations", by a Harvard prof who's name escapes me at the moment.
2007-01-03 02:40:10
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answer #3
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answered by Anonymous
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Answering your question properly would take a PhD thesis. Crudely its because the Western world was first to industrialise and developed economic, political and social structures which favoured the development of science and innovation. Racial characteristics had nothing to do with it. However, it can be argued that cultural characteristics did.
See the works of Max Weber and the development of the Protestant work ethic in Europe.
The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism is a book written by Max Weber, a German economist and sociologist in 1904 and 1905 that began as a series of essays. The original edition was in German and was entitled: Die protestantische Ethik und der 'Geist' des Kapitalismus. An English translation was made in 1930 by Talcott Parsons, and several editions have been released.
Weber wrote that capitalism evolved when the Protestant (particularly Calvinist) ethic influenced large numbers of people to engage in work in the secular world, developing their own enterprises and engaging in trade and the accumulation of wealth for investment. In other words, the Protestant ethic was a force behind an unplanned and uncoordinated mass action that led to the development of capitalism. This idea is also known as "the Weber thesis".
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Protestant_Ethic_and_the_Spirit_of_Capitalism
2007-01-03 07:52:36
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answer #4
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answered by Anonymous
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Countries such as the USA, Australia, UK, France, Japan etc., are richer because of favourable trade routes (coastlines etc.) and good climates for agriculture. Through history of course, if a country succeeds in agriculture, then developing industries, ten scientific and technological development, it will be able to afford a high quality society and solid infrastructures. It all begins way back with favourable geography.
IT HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH RACE.
2007-01-03 02:37:37
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answer #5
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answered by Anonymous
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What really started, the wealth of the western world was the industrial revolution and advances in agriculture. Why did this come about first in Britain? Well, I wonder if it is not down to our climate.
If you live here, you need to become very organised and good at getting things done, otherwise the climate undoes them. Hot climates might tend to make people laid back about things - manyana as they say in Spain. This coupled with British empiricism and distrust of intellectualism, Scottish inventiveness, etc led us to the industrial revolution before everyone else.
Centuries of bloody wars in Europe forged strong national identities and we developed strong laws and internalised concepts of law and order. All this gave us a head start, and like in any competitive environment having a head start is a great benefit. US and Aus, etc imported our culture and were governed at least initially by us and latterly by our desendants.
The enlightenment freed us from control of thought by the church allowing rapid development. Thus before WW2 Britain was the most powerful country in the world. Unfortunately, punitive arrangements forced upon us by US eroded this position. Still, a united Europe would by four times as strong economically as US and could force them to remove their restrictive and unfair trade practices. This might well have a beneficial effect on world economy generally.
Some parts of the world face special problems to economic development, either cultural, geographical or other. Africa springs to mind. Despite the inherent riches of the continent in suffers from problems of drought and disease and lacks the centuries of warfare that install a sense of nationhood in a people. This may lead to civil disruption and identification with tribal rather than national groups
2007-01-03 02:59:32
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answer #6
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answered by phoneypersona 5
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This is a touchy subject.But i will give it a try .Certain races of the human race are better at organizing things and planning ahead .
Bribery and corruption is less prevalent in those races.That's the way it is like it or not .Since the end of the last war we have poured untold billions of dollars into Africa with no result whatsoever.I know and you know why they cant get anything going but we are not allowed to spell it out.
2007-01-03 02:45:24
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answer #7
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answered by Shark 7
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About the only reason for that is that the Western world has developed institutions conductive for economic development. Here's how Daron Acemoglu, one of the most eminent experts on the subject, puts it:
Economic institutions encouraging economic growth emerge when political institutions allocate power to groups with interests in broad-based property rights enforcement, when they create effective constraints on power-holders, and when there are relatively few rents to be captured by power-holders.
2007-01-03 03:32:00
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answer #8
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answered by NC 7
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Mostly we started with an idea of "being free": USA from govt of kings, Australians, from jail sentences. So we worked at developing the freedom it takes to build great financial nations. No dictators. Change the top man often enough He does not become one. Govt , of the people, by the people and for the people.
2007-01-03 02:36:47
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answer #9
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answered by swamp elf 5
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It has something to do with exploration of other parts of the globe and resource hunting at the expense of people who never fathomed the greed of whites- historically speaking of course. The Europeans who settled in Australia pretty much grabbed power from the people and as time went by they started colonizing nations that were able to provide resources for trade and business. They're still benefitting from it. Violence and greed are big motivators for conquest.
* Yes, Christianity as practised by early believers has been a disaster on humanity. Modern day christians are deluded about the history of the church beyond comprehension.
2007-01-03 04:32:00
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answer #10
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answered by Anonymous
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