what are the uses and properties of amines?

Answer 1

this is what i found for you

Answer 2

Lancenigo di Villorba (TV), Italy

BRIEFLY
Organic compounds who shows basic behaviour..they containt nitrogen's toms. You can distinguish aliphatic amines and aromatic ones...these latters are very toxic.

HISTORICAL NOTES
Amines are discovered by a french chemist (C.A. Wurtz, XIX century) and they were studies by its discoverer (aliphatic ones) and another great chemist (a german, A.W. von Hofmann). In the succeding years, several discoveries succeed one to other:
-)a french chemist (J.B. Dumas) developed the "ammonia's type" who stated ammonia and aliphatic amines are very similar componds, in its properties and peculiarity's reactions;
-)von Hofmann discovered aromatic amines, so-called anilines since the simplest one is their synonim;
-)a von Hofmann's student, W. Perkin, discovered "aniline's colorants", the former synthetic colorant.

GENERALITIES
Amines constitue a class of organic compounds which containt necessarily nitrogen's atoms. Since how much carbon's atoms are lied to nitrogen one you can distinguish between primary, secondary and tertiary amines...in addiction quaternary ammonium's salts exist even.
The latter are ionic compounds who you can dissolve also in apolar solvents. Primary and secondary amines maintain one hydrogen atom lied to nitrogen one, so you have protic compound. Protic compounds shows some intermolecular interactions belongs "hydrogen bonds" and these are among strongest.
What is a protic compound? This is an organic compound where an hydrogen's atoms lied to an electronegative atom, like N, O, etc. (see Pauling's electronegativity).

PROPERTIES
Hence, when you meet a pure amine, usually you see a liquid which is stinky (often like fish). It shows relatively high boiling point (hydrogen bonds, do you forget it?). When you try to dissolve it in common solvents, you find that it is soluble only in HCl solutions, sometimes in water even...if this is your cvase, aqueous solutions result basic, you can verify with litmus paper.

AMINE'S PRODUCING
You can follow several ways :
-)oxidize "free (not-alkylated or other substitution) amides" in bromine's water (see von Hofmann'degradation, you can get ONLY primary aliphatic amines);
-)mix carbonylic compounds (generally, you should prefer aldehydes than ketones) with strong aqueous ammonia's solutions, after you should treat the mixture in hydrogenation vessel, e.g. Sabatier's process (see reductive ammination, you can get ONLY primary aliphatic amines);
-)mix alkyl halides (halo-atoms like Cl, Br, I, but not F) with mild cyanide's solutions, after you should treat the mixture in hydrogenation vessel, e.g. Sabatier's process (see nitryles hydrogenation, you can get ONLY primary aliphatic amines);
-)mix alkyl halides (Cl, Br, I, but not F) with strong aqueous ammonia's solutions (see ammonolysis, you can get ALL TYPES OF aliphatic amines);
--) a particular way of upperwritten procedure is following, alkyl halides (halo-atoms like Cl, Br, I, but not F) are added to basic solutions of phtalimmide, hence it is acid-hydrolized (see Gabriel's synthesis, you can get ONLY primary aliphatic amines);
-)mix aromatic compounds (organic compounds disposal aromatic rings) with warm nitro-sulphuric acidic solution, after you should rescue nitro-compounds and mix them with active metals in a hot bath (see Beuchamps-Brinnemeyer's reaction, you can get ONLY aromatic amines).

AMINE'S TESTS
Elementar analysis (elder Dumas's method of nitrogen stream development by late oxidation) detects nitrogen's atom.
Many aliphatic amines stink like fishes.
Acidic solutions (e.g. aqueous solution of HCl) may dissolve your analyte when, generally, other common solvents do not.
Many aromatic amines (not-alkylated) reacts in ice-cold vessels with diazo-copulating preparates.
Herr Hinsberg proposed its experimental classification of aliphatic amines. Benzensulphochloride is Hinsberg's reactive.
You mix analyte with reactive : they can react (primary, secondary amines both) or not (tertiary amines). You rescue the phase's separation (a understanding solid or a second liquid layer) eventually obtained and you try dissolve it with alkaly's solution (positive remark for primary amines, negative for secondary and tertiary ones both). In the latter case, you can dissolve separated phase with HCl solution (positive remark for tertiary amines, negative for secondary ones.).

I hope this helps you.


USES
In industrial and lab's applications, amines are used like nucleophilic reactives, that is they can works as "Lewis's bases" or medium-strong electron-donors toward acceptor ones. The usual contest of these applications would be carbon-nitrogen bond's creation.