How is bacteria becoming anitbiotic resistant? , Functions of interphase and mitosis?

Question

help! im takin a quiz online!

Answer 1

Evolution. The bacteria who are not resistant die off, and those few mutations which are strong enough to withstand the antibiotic survive and pass on that resistance to the next generation. Soon they are all resistant. Bacteria reproduce very rapidly, so they evolve rapidly, too.

Also, all bacteria, no matter what the type, share one gene pool. This means that any bacteria can appropriate traits from any other bacteria, so beneficial traits get passed on quickly throughout the entire bacterial kingdom.

Answer 2

You have an infection, with millions of bacteria present. Among that large population of organisms there is a range of characteristics, just as there is in a large population of humans. One characteristic in which the bacterial population can vary is natural resistance to a specific drug. So, you go to the doctor and the doc prescribes an antibiotic, and tells you to take it for 10 days. You start taking the antibiotic and after a couple of days you start feeling better, because the bacteria are dying. After 5 or 6 days on the antibiotic you feel great, so you stop taking it. A few days later you start to feel sick again, so you start taking the antibiotic, but this time it doesn't help. You just keep getting worse.

What has happened is this - The original population of bacteria represented a broad range of resistance to the antibiotic you were taking, as in any natural population. Some of them were highly susceptible to the drug, while some were highly resistant, and most of them fell somewhere in between. After a couple of days you had killed off all the most susceptible bacteria, so you started feeling better. After 5 or 6 days you had killed perhaps 95% of the total bacterial population, so you didn't feel sick anymore. However, the 5% you didn't kill were the ones most highly resistant to the antibiotic. So, when the antibiotic was removed, and they started reproducing again, high resistance to the drug was present in all the new generations. By the time their numbers reached the millions again, and you started feeling sick, all of those millions of bacteria were highly resistant to the antibiotic because all of them were directly descended from a small number of highly resistant bacteria. The doctor knew that the antibiotic prescribed would kill all the bacteria within ten days, but by stopping before the prescribed time, you created a population of highly resistant bacteria. The only way to cure such an infection is to use a different antibiotic. However, some strains develop resistance to many different drugs over time, partially because doctors prescribe antibiotics too frequently, for conditions that don't really require them, and partially because patients don't take the drugs according to directions.
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Answer 3

Not true mushroomman. It's due to Artificial Selection, which is just like Natural Selection. What happens is that in a population of bacteria, there is such a massive number of them, that a few by random chance will develop a genetic mutation that makes them immune to the pesticide. All those that aren't immune die off, leaving the very few that are immune. Those strains reproduce at incredible rates, until the population number is back to the normal size, however due to genetics, they will all have inherited that mutation.

Answer 4

Interphase can be considered the normal life of a cell when the cell carries out its normal activities. It has three stages: G1 in which the cell grows by adding cytoplasm and organelles, S in which the DNA is duplicated in preparation for mitosis, and G2 when more growth occurs. (Simplified explanation.) S and G2 only occur in cells that are getting ready to divide. Otherwise, a cell spends its life in G1 of interphase.

Mitosis is the process that divides the DNA evenly between the two daughter nuclei: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.

Answer 5

just like how you you get a tollereance to alchohol or pests get a tollerance to pesticide their bodies adapt to the poison