what's the difference between supercharging and turbocharging?

Answer 1

A Turbo is usually hooked up to a custom header, and the fumes of the exhaust that is exiting the heads will drive the turbo’s impeller. A supercharger is driven from the vehicles belt system, which is usually driven by the crank pulley.

There are 3 popular types of superchargers which all have different characteristics. 1. A centrifugal type supercharger. These compressors look like a turbo and have similar qualities. Since the belts drive the supercharger they usually are on all the time. A centrifugal supercharger will usually start building up boost in the lower RPM range and then you will see full boost at redline. A centrifugal supercharger builds boost per RPM speed. So lets say you have a 6psi system. You will start seeing 1psi around 2500 RPM and then 6psi at your redline.

The 2 other common types will be a Roots and a twin-screw type supercharger. These types offer great low end HP and torque since the boost curve comes on instantly. Unlike centrifugal type superchargers usually you see full boost in the lower RPM range and it stays linear throughout the whole RPM band. These are usually great for towing, road course racing, and even drag racing.

Now turbo systems use the exhaust fumes to drive the turbo, and usually you will have a slight turbo lag. Turbo lag is the time it takes the exhaust fumes to turn the turbo impeller. Once the impeller is spooled up usually you will reach full boost pretty quickly. Since the turbo is run off the exhaust the temperatures are normally very high and that’s why there will be a strong need for an intercooler and even a turbo timer. These items help control the heat so you do not ruin your turbo and engine.

Also another major difference is the way the boost is controlled. Since a supercharger is run off of the belt system, usually you have to change the pulley to get more boost out of it. One of the befits of this setup is that you do not have to worry about over boosting your engine, where if you do go to high in boost it will blow your engine. So usually the supercharger setup will be set at a conservative boost level, which is safe for your car. If you did want more boost all you have to do is get a smaller supercharger pulley or a larger crank pulley. This will spin the supercharger quicker giving you more boost.

Now with a turbo they have a wastegate and a boost controller that helps control the amount of boost you will get. All you have to do is turn the setting higher on the boost controller and you can change the boost pressure instantly. The convenience factor is there however the draw back is over boosting the engine and blowing it. On top of that there will be a potential risk of boost spike. Boost spike is where all of a sudden the boost pressure will go far beyond your normal setting and this can destroy your engine.

Now most supercharger systems are sold as complete kits so nothing is usually needed for it to work on your application. A lot of these kits are C.A.R.B. approved so you do not have to worry about being able to smog your car…this also means that it is legal for street use, so the cops cannot ticket you for it. Most kits will come with all the programming, fuel components, and all the belts brackets and hardware so you can bolt it on and go. Supercharger kits also come with a warranty of 1-3 years depending on the manufacture.

Turbo systems usually are very basic and you usually will have to add several upgrades in order for it to be safe and complete. Usually an intercooler, boost controller, turbo timer, and sometimes a wastegate is needed. On top of that you usually have to worry about the fuel components and tuning. These kits usually are not C.A.R.B. approved. A lot of streetcars will gain a slightly more HP gains with a turbo system, however these systems usually have a custom tune in them. If you custom tune your supercharger system usually you will see equal amount of HP…or at least you will give them a run for your money.

Regardless of what FI system you go for…they both will put a smile on your face and they both will give you very high HP gains.


Well…hopefully this helps you out.

Answer 2

Both use a fan to force air under pressure into the engine.

The difference is that with a supercharger that fan is turned by the engine mechanically, usually by a belt, gears, and a shaft. With a turbocharger the pressure fan is turned by another fan placed in the exhaust system.

The exact properties of each depend on their specific design. But, in general, turbochargers can produce more horsepower, while superchargers respond to the accelerator pedal faster.

Answer 3

Turbocharging uses exhaust gases to spin a turbine which is connected to a compressor. The compressor forces air into the engine.

Supercharging uses a flywheel connected directly to the engine crank to do the same thing.

Advantages - Turbocharging - better gas mileage
Supercharging - instant power (from idle)

Disadvantages - Turbo - usually not much power between idle and 2000 rpm unless you have twin turbos

Supercharging - uses a lot of fuel.

Answer 4

A super charger is belt driven from the engine, has no throttle lag (the time stall between pressing the gas pedal, and the time it kicks in), is working all the time, whether you need it or not, and is hard on the bottom end of the engine.
A turbocharger is an impeller driven from exhaust gasses, has some throttle lag, works only when you need it (on demand), and isn't as hard on the engines bottom end.
Both methods could lead to early failure of the intake gaskets, because the NORMALLY aspirated system is being force fed (pressurized)

Answer 5

su·per·charg·er (sū'pər-chär'jər)
n.
A blower or compressor, usually driven by the engine, for supplying air under high pressure to the cylinders of an internal-combustion engine.
Turbocharger
An air compressor or supercharger on an internal combustion piston engine that is driven by the engine exhaust gas to increase or boost the amount of fuel that can be burned in the cylinder, thereby increasing engine power and performance. On an aircraft piston engine, the turbocharger allows the engine to retain its sea-level power rating at higher altitudes despite a decrease in atmospheric pressure. See also Reciprocating aircraft engine; Supercharger.

TURBOCHARGER
The turbocharger is a turbine-powered centrifugal super-charger. It consists of a radial-flow compressor and turbine mounted on a common shaft. The turbine uses the energy in the exhaust gas to drive the compressor, which draws in outside air, precompresses it, and supplies it to the cylinders at a pressure above atmospheric pressure.

Common turbocharger components include the rotor assembly, bearing housing, and compressor housing. The shaft bearings usually receive oil from the engine lubricating system. Engine coolant may circulate through the housing to aid in cooling. See also Engine cooling; Internal combustion engine.

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Answer 6

In addition to what has been said, super chargers are always on, whereas turbochargers can be electronically controlled.

I believe turbocharging also allows you better flexibility to the compression of the pistons.

Answer 7

Agree with other two answers. But there is one more difference...since a turbo uses exhaust gas to spin, it's basically "free horsepower". A supercharger uses engine power to spin so it takes hp to make hp.

Answer 8

Super chargers are belt driven from the crankshaft......Turbo chargers are driven by the pressure of the exhaust.....