i need help about DECISIONS?

Question

I have to think of 5 min.speech about DECISIONS for my exam!
please help me with it!
what should i talk about,what should i say,the introduction....???
PLEASE!

Answer 1

Decision making is the cognitive process leading to the selection of a course of action among alternatives. Every decision making process produces a final choice. It can be an action or an opinion. It begins when we need to do something but we do not know what. Therefore, decision making is a reasoning process which can be rational or irrational, and can be based on explicit assumptions or tacit assumptions.

Common examples include shopping, deciding what to eat, when to sleep, and deciding whom or what to vote for in an election or referendum.

Decision making is said to be a psychological construct. This means that although we can never "see" a decision, we can infer from observable behaviour that a decision has been made. Therefore, we conclude that a psychological event that we call "decision making" has occurred. It is a construction that imputes commitment to action. That is, based on observable actions, we assume that people have made a commitment to affect the action.

Structured rational decision making is an important part of all science-based professions, where specialists apply their knowledge in a given area to making informed decisions. For example, medical decision making often involves making a diagnosis and selecting an appropriate treatment. Some research using naturalistic methods shows, however, that in situations with higher time pressure, higher stakes, or increased ambiguities, experts use intuitive decision making rather than structured approaches, following a recognition primed decision approach to fit a set of indicators into the expert's experience and immediately arrive at a satisfactory course of action without weighing alternatives.

Due to the large number of considerations involved in many decisions, computer-based decision support systems have been developed to assist decision makers in considering the implications of various courses of thinking. They can help reduce the risk of human errors. The systems which try to realize some human/cognitive decision making functions are called Intelligent Decision Support Systems (IDSS), see for ex. "An Approach to the Intelligent Decision Advisor (IDA) for Emergency Managers, 1999".

According to behavioralist Isabel Briggs Myers (1962), a person's decision making process depends to a significant degree on their cognitive style. Starting from the work of Carl Jung, Myers developed a set of four bi-polar dimensions, called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). The terminal points on these dimensions are: thinking and feeling; extroversion and introversion; judgement and perception; and sensing and intuition. She claimed that a person's decision making style is based largely on how they score on these four dimensions. For example, someone that scored near the thinking, extroversion, sensing, and judgement ends of the dimensions would tend to have a logical, analytical, objective, critical, and empirical decision making style.

OR

Say you’re the widowed parent of three children. You’ve been jobless for almost a year. Six months ago you started looking outside your field, dropping your expectations and salary requirements. You’re deep in debt, have no medical coverage and are overdue on the rent. You’ve been trying to keep up a cheerful attitude for your children, who don’t know the extent of the family’s woes.

Now a good job has come up. You are told it’s between you and another person, but you must swear in writing that you’ve never taken illegal drugs. Trouble is, you used to smoke a little marijuana now and then. You’ve never taken any other illegal drug and you don’t use marijuana anymore either — but that hasn’t changed your opinion that it is absurd and hypocritical that marijuana is illegal while alcohol and nicotine — which every year kill millions and cost society billions — aren’t. Do you lie on the application?

Most of our decisions aren’t such dilemmas. But the stakes can be high even in mundane matters, for everything we do and say represents a choice. How we decide determines the shape of our lives.

Making decisions that are ethical requires the ability to make distinctions between competing choices. This booklet seeks to provide a blueprint. In various editions, it has long served as the basic primer of the Josephson Institute of Ethics, a nonprofit training and consulting organization based in Los Angeles, California, and active nationwide. The Institute advocates principled decision-making based on six common values called the “Six Pillars of Character”: trustworthiness, respect, responsibility, fairness, caring and good citizenship. The Six Pillars are the basis of ethically defensible decisions and the foundation of well-lived lives.

No one can simply read about ethics and become ethical, of course. People often have to make decisions under economic, professional and social pressure. Rationalization and laziness are constant temptations. But making ethical decisions is worth it if you want a better life and a better world. Keep in mind that whether for good or ill, change is always just a decision away.

OR

Good decision making is an essential skill for career success generally, and effective leadership particularly. If you can learn to make timely and well-considered decisions, then you can often lead your team to spectacular and well-deserved success. However, if you make poor decisions, your team risks failure and your time as a leader will, most likely, be brutally short.

The techniques in this section help you to make the best decisions possible with the information you have available. They help you map out the likely consequences of decisions, work out the importance of individual factors and choose the best course of action to take.

The section starts with some simple techniques that help you to make decisions where many factors are claiming your attention. It then moves on to a number of more powerful techniques such as use of Decision Trees, 6 Thinking Hats and Cost/Benefit Analysis which are routinely used in commercial Decision Making.

Answer 2

There was research done that decisions made by intuition were equal to or better than ones made by more involved research.

I would explain that decisions involve two components in the human conscience -- "emotional/intuitive" and "logical/reason." Arguments have been made that decisions are made emotionally, using intuitive or unconscious nonverbal knowledge, while the conscious logic or rationale is used to justify those decisions or choices in the mind of the person in ways that can be communicated concretely.

The best decisions are made when both agree, which some people call the "heart" and the "head." The problems come when these two do NOT agree, and people are left in a quandary whether to follow their heart or their head. The problem can be made better or worse by asking advice of others -- if this helps to resolve the conflict, so that heart and head agree, this is better. But if input from others makes the emotional pressure worse, I think that is where people make mistakes. Politics is the worse example of this -- abusing emotional elements that skew reason in order to bulldoze a decision through by majority-rule vote.

So I recommend solving problems and making decisions and policies based on mediation, consensus and cooperation, fully informed consent, etc. so that emotional and logical issues are satisfied and no compromises are made based on ignoring either emotions or logic. (If you can find resources online, you could look for research showing differences between women's and men's brains, where women cross-over and use both sides of their brains interactively to think more "holistically" or "in relation" to various factors, while men tend to think more autonomously using just one side of the brain at a time.)

Some books I would recommend, "Getting to Yes without Compromise" and also models of negotiation and mediation, such as this chart and notes I got from mediation workshops:

http://www.houstonprogressive.org/mediator.html

The Green Party and Conflict Resolution programs also promote decision-making by consensus, which I believe makes for more solid sensible policies.

Answer 3

Why don't you talk about how decisions are the best thing in life and how without decisions we would be perfect. Though if were perfect nothing in life would be fun. God gave us the power to make decisions and we should use it. Without decisions robbers wouldn't rob stores and then cops won't have jobs. Can't you imagine how boring it would be if everyone was perfect we would be like mindless robots that can never do anything wrong or we would blowup. So I hope this helped you at least a little.

Answer 4

The human decision-making process is actually quite interesting for a number of reasons... We are binary, so we can't compare more than two things at a time, for example. Since we are emotional, we make most decisions based on our 'current' mood and demeanor. Hope this gets you started!

Answer 5

You can say that one should stick to the decisions that one makes, never change them come what may. Yet on the other hand, sometimes, conditions beyond one's control makes one change them. decisions are of many types.

Answer 6

heavily? you go with for a toy? nicely i assume women people have their desires besides. Kudos on being open approximately it. You earned my appreciate. anyhow, bypass with the toddler and run to the shop and get your self a pair of batteries to apply the following day. I doubt that it somewhat is that undesirable which you may require using your toy this evening.

Answer 7

Hey there, chill! It's Christmas! Leave the homework for later. Be cool and have fun, enjoy your holiday....
:)

Answer 8

here's a site that might help you http://mentalhealth.about.com/od/beingmentallyhealthy/ss/decisions.htm