What was the importance of Queen Hatshepsut and Ramses the third?

Answer 1

Maatkare Hatshepsut[2] or Hatchepsut was the fifth pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of ancient Egypt. She was believed to have been co-regent from about 1479 to 1458 BC (years 7 to 21 of Thutmose III)[3] . She is regarded as the earliest known queen regnant in history and as the first great woman in recorded history[citation needed]. She was only the second known woman to assume the throne as "King of Upper and Lower Egypt" after Queen Sobekneferu of the 12th Dynasty of Egypt.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hatshepsut


Ramesses III (also written Ramses and Rameses) was the second Pharaoh of the Twentieth Dynasty and is considered to be the last great New Kingdom king to wield any substantial authority over Egypt. According to Jürgen von Beckerath, Ramesses III reigned from March 7, 1183 to April 16, 1152 BC.[1] This is based on his known accession date of I Shemu day 26 and his death on Year 32 III Shemu day 15 for a reign of 31 Years 1 Month and 19 days.[2] (alternate dates for this king are 1187/1186 to 1156/1155 BC). The Ancient Greeks knew him as Rhampsinitus which is a corruption of Ramesses III's popular Egyptian name: Ra-messu-pa-neter[3]


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramesses_III

Answer 2

Hatshepsut ruled as a male pharoah which was highly unusual for those days. Queen regents had ruled before but they had never assumed the mantle of pharaoh as Hatshepsut did. This is makes her so interesting to historians particularly the campaign to erase her memory afterwards.

Ramses III built Medinat Habu (however you spell it) in Luxor and is known for defeating the Sea Peoples were a major problem in the ancient world in the 1100s B.C.

Answer 3

Both were rulers of Ancient Egypt. More specificially, each was responsible for a number of well-known monuments, some of which exist to this day.

Hatshepsut, for example, had so many statues built during her reign that it is said that every museum with an Egyptology display has one of her statues in it. She was famous (notorious?) for her propoganda techniques, and in this regard it would seem that she is successful to this very day. No mean feat! The obelisks in front of her monument at the Temple of Karnak were the tallest in the world, and one is still standing even now. A complex of buildings she had constructed at Deir el-Bahri are considered to be among the greatest of the ancient world.

Ramesses III's son recorded a long list of works and donations that he had made to various temples in his lands, though he was less prolific than Hatshepsut to no small degree because of ruinous wars that pressed in during his reign. Still, his monument in the Temple of Karnak is one of the biggest on the grounds, and a complex of buildings he constructed at Medinet-Habu are among the largest and best preserved ancient structures in Egypt. And also the first one that was protected by massive fortifications (or even needed to be).

Hope that helps!

Answer 4

Rum drinking champions for their time.

Answer 5

Hatshepsut was the daughter of Thutmoses1 and Ahmes B, the Kings Great wife and Mistress of Upper and Lower Egypt.
Her relationship to her husband is uncertain as she also carried the title of Kings Sister.
That she came from a powerful background is certain, and was most likely very much supported by the priests of Amun.
Shortly after her fathers death ,Thumose2,Hatshepsut's half brother took her as his wife.
It is thought she would have been around 12 yrs old.
Their marriage is documented on a stele ,now in Berlin. Also on masonry blocks at Karnak.These also conveniently confirm Hatshepsut's daughter, Neferure as his biological daughter.
Thutmose 2 was concerned with up grading Egypt's military forces.
He was successful in putting down an ongoing series of insurrections in Kush and Palistine. Also with maintaining the security of Egypts borders throughout his reign of 12yrs.
During the time that Thutmoses2 was away, Hatshepsut quietly increased her power politically, through the very powerful priests of Amun.
She was supported and advised by Sennumut.His official and principal title was Steward of Amun but it may have been a much closer relationship.
Hatshepsut chose him as the tutor of Neferure,he may well have actually been her biological father. Graffitti in the cliffs above Dier el Barhi,the magnificent mortuary temple of Hatshepsut ,depicts a female Queen or Pharaoh, having sex with a commoner.
Sennumut dissappears suddenly from history along with Neferare, not long after Thutmoses2 death.
Some Egyptologists feel Hatshepsut envisioned establishing a secular line of female Pharaohs through her daughter Neferure.She already carried titles such as Kings Great Wife and God's Wife of Amun.
There are theories that she may have married Thumose2 or for a short time.Nothing is known about the reason for her disappearance, at this point.
After Thutmose's natural death.Queen Hatshepsut attempted to assume the title of Pharaoh in her own right.
This was not looked upon favorably. As a Pharaoh had traditionally almost always a male and needed a female Queen to satisfy the order of Maa't ,( or balance).
Her claim was put forward and supported by the politically powerful priests of Amun, but it failed.
Queen Hatshepset had already assumed the secular titles of her Mother ,also that of God's Great Wife.
To substansiate her claim as the rightful Pharaoh beyond any doubt. There was carved into the walls of her magnificent Temple the depiction of her birth.
Hatshepsut and the priestly hierachy of Amun claimed that Ahmose B had a visitation from the God Amun himself.
During which he impregnated her, by breathing the essence of life into her nose, and Hatshepsut daughter of Amun was born .
The faction that did not support Hashepsut's singular rule as Pharaoh came up with thier own version of a supernatural event that supported the very youthful Thumoses 3.
One day the very young prince was playing in the temple near were Thutmoses2 was making sacrifice to Amun. The God found and appeared to the child ,Thutmoses 3 and under the Gods direction he found himself standing in the rightful place occupied on the dais by the Pharaoh.
Queen Hatshepset ruled jointly with Thutmoses 3 for a few years. But then, partly because of Thumoses3 disinterest in the court and secular politics she assumed single reign.
She finally achieved the title Pharaoh, supposedly until he reached an appropriate age to rule.
In this manner they ruled co-jointly for up to 24 years.
It may be as many as 56 years as consort as outright Pharaoh and as guardian.
As Pharaoh, Hatshepset was often depicted with a false beard and in the dress of a male Pharaoh.Only a very few pieces of statuary remain of her. As for some reason we may never really know, nearly all cartouche's, depictions and statues of her were destroyed or obliterated during the late reign of Pharaoh Thumoses3.
She maintained peace in Upper and Lower Egypt and contributed much to expanding trade. A wonderful depiction of the expedition to Punt is an example ,and is shown in great detail on the walls of Deir el Bahri.
Other note worthy projects were significant additions and restorations to the temple complexes of Karnak and Luxor temples. She erected the tallest obelisk ever found and it still stands majestically at Karnak.
As if to remind us of her determination and ability to prove a woman could indeed be Pharaoh.She was indeed Egypts most powerful of the handful of female Pharaohs.
There are strong indications that her mummy may have been relocated in the caverns called the basement of The Egyptian Museum.
If that mummy is her, she looks as regal and determined as she would have been in life.

It is clear that Pharaoh Rameses 3 was a great devotee of Rameses 2,not only was his prenomen,Usermaetre,based on that of Rameses 2. But his sons were named after those of the earlier Pharaoh ,and they often recieved the same offices as their former namesakes.He was the son of Pharaoh Setnakhte and Tiye B.
Rameses 3's principal wife was Iset D Ta-Hemdjert.
There was a second wife,however no monuments give her name,it does appear very likely from more recent findings and reseach thatshe may indeed have been the notorious Tiye C.
His life appears to have been a series of dangerous and daring situations,walls of his mortuary temple at Medinat Habu depict this in great detail.
The walls of no other temple show scenes of more interest to the Egyptologist.
Religious depictions and subject are predominate.
But the depictions and narratives of warfare are of incredible detail and interest.A formidible relating of the invasion of "seafaring northerners" or as they are more commonly known The Sea People,who attempted to establish themselves and families in the Delta region also Palistine andSyria.
These people may have been the Philistines or from Crete or,maybe an alliance of the two.
In the 11th yr. of his reign it is the Libyans who are the danger.Rameses defeats them after a great battle involving, tens of thousands of people. Those who live, are made slaves.
He returns to Egypt yet again the victor.
Medinat Habu is much more than just a temple,it was a viable
and very beautiful "township" of priests,scribes and their families.
Most of Rameses 3s reign was marred by battle and threat of war.
He was a great warrior Pharaoh but still managed to celebrate his Sed Festival ,this festival signifies 30 yrs as Pharoah.
Not all his enemies were outside of Egypt.
He suffered a strike of his workmen , who were building the royal tomb.Their salaries badly in arrears, due to internal turmoil rising in the country.
But far more serious was a conspiracy that became known as the"Harem Conspiracy".Many harem officials were involved,the overseer and his deputy,two scribes and six inspectors,the door keepers and their wives.
As well,a popular rebellion had been stirred up due to the economic crisis in the country.
A magic element was used,creating waxen images of the Pharaoh and these were burnt or slowly melted.
It is thought that Queen Tiye C, the mother of two of his sons was responsible for initiating the conspiracy. Rameses3 not only had to contend with a proposed rebellion, but a plot to end his life. Only one of these would succeed, the murder of the Pharaoh.
In the aftermath the conspirators were tried,found guilty and condemed to death.
Rameses3 was Pharaoh for 32 years.