how the ants move following in the line,do they communicate or is there something unique mechanism?

Answer 1

They leave a scent and follow that scent.

Answer 2

Real ants are capable of finding shortest path from a food source to the nest (Beckers, Deneubourg and Goss, 1992; Goss, Aron, Deneubourg and Pasteels, 1989) without using visual cues (Hölldobler and Wilson, 1990). Also, they are capable of adapting to changes in the environment, for example finding a new shortest path once the old one is no longer feasible due to a new obstacle (Beckers, Deneubourg and Goss, 1992; Goss, Aron, Deneubourg and Pasteels, 1989).

It is well-known that the main means used by ants to form and maintain the line is a pheromone trail. Ants deposit a certain amount of pheromone while walking, and each ant probabilistically prefers to follow a direction rich in pheromone rather than a poorer one. This elementary behavior of real ants can be used to explain how they can find the shortest path which reconnects a broken line after the sudden appearance of an unexpected obstacle has interrupted the initial path.

In fact, once the obstacle has appeared, those ants which are just in front of the obstacle cannot continue to follow the pheromone trail and therefore they have to choose between turning right or left. In this situation we can expect half the ants to choose to turn right and the other half to turn left. The very same situation can be found on the other side of the obstacle.

It is interesting to note that those ants which choose, by chance, the shorter path around the obstacle will more rapidly reconstitute the interrupted pheromone trail compared to those which choose the longer path. Hence, the shorter path will receive a higher amount of pheromone in the time unit and this will in turn cause a higher number of ants to choose the shorter path. Due to this positive feedback (autocatalytic) process, very soon all the ants will choose the shorter path.

The most interesting aspect of this autocatalytic process is that finding the shortest path around the obstacle seems to be an emergent property of the interaction between the obstacle shape and ants distributed behavior: Although all ants move at approximately the same speed and deposit a pheromone trail at approximately the same rate, it is a fact that it takes longer to contour obstacles on their longer side than on their shorter side which makes the pheromone trail accumulate quicker on the shorter side. It is the ants preference for higher pheromone trail levels which makes this accumulation still quicker on the shorter path..

Answer 3

Ants leave trails of scent. The scent trails are usually coded, like a morse code trail, long and short spaces and different scents and concentrations. This encodes the purpose of the trail and direction.
If ants are marching through your kitchen a mild detergent can erase the trail and the ants may become lost and disoriented. (they do use visual navigation as well) Ants following the trail to a dead end may search a wider pattern or abandon their expedition. A long enough dust line of cinamin, red pepper or other acidy spices might discourage their entry.
If ants are marching over a newspaper, you can rearrange the paper into a circular pattern and watch them go in circles.
I'm very tollerant of ants, they have visited and migrated through several of my abodes in the past, but never became pests. Better guests than some of my friends. It would be rare to be infested by termites, roaches or many other colonizing pests if you have ants living nearby.

Answer 4

Most insects and even some trees comunicate with each other through the use of "Scents". Like for mating, warnings etc..

Some trees produce a scent to inform other trees of predators (those that eat their leaves) so other produce a type of chemical in their leaves that make it taste bad and thus save them.

Some insects communicate by dancing and giving directions with relevence to sun or moon.

In this case its a "scent". When an ant finds a food item it leave a chemical marker all the way back to the nest. Others follow that scent. and get to the food.

Dear asha s: pheromones are used for finding a mate not food. ;) which i agree is as important to them as the food.

Answer 5

when a ant finds a food it leaves behind a trail of power (this can not been seen by naked human eye) like substance on its way. Other ants and it also, follow the trail back to the food.

Try rubbing the "imaginary" path, and the ants will lose their way.

Answer 6

Yep they use their scent to follow. Not only that, Ants identify kin and nestmates through their scents, a hydrocarbon-laced secretions that coats their exoskeletons. If an ant is separated from its original colony, it will eventually lose the colony scent. Any ant that enters a colony with a different scent than itself will be attacked

Answer 7

They leave a trail of a chemical substance called Pheromone which the other ants pick up.

Answer 8

Ants can rub their bellies on the floor and flow away fragrance markers for various ants to adhere to. They do this whilst they arrive across nutrition. (Ever see a flow of ants systematically raiding a cola can?)

Answer 9

Chemical markers.

Answer 10

they sing a song to each other that goes something like this;
THE ANTS GO MARCHING ONE BY ONE HOORAH HOORAH.