According to this article hermit crabs and gastropods, also orchids and trees are examples of commensalism. And a remora on a shark. Parasitism would be like having a tick on you, tapeworms, or a mosquito I believe.
2006-12-19 13:43:49
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answer #1
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answered by Professor Armitage 7
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Commensalism is a relationship between two species where one species derives a benefit from the relationship and the second species is unaffected by it.
this are examples of commensalism
The Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis) forages in pastures and fields among livestock such as cattle and horses, feeding on the insects stirred up by the movement of the grazing animals. The egrets benefit from the arrangement, but the livestock, generally, do not. However as in most cases of commensalism, there is a "but". Cattle Egrets have been observed perching on the top of cattle picking off ticks, lending a slight tinge of mutualism to the arrangement.
Anemonefishes (sometimes called clownfishes) are a beautiful group of tropical, reef fishes from the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Almost all of the species belong to the genus Amphiprion. These fishes are unusual because they have a close relationship with sea anemones. Sea Anemones belong the class Anthozoa which includes the hydras, corals, and jellyfish. The simple structure of the sea anemone consists of a hollow cylinder surrounded by a crown of tentacles. The tentacles are equipped with specialized cells called nematocysts. Nematocysts are shaped and function like small harpoons and contain a poison sufficient to paralyze or kill small fish and other reef inhabitants. Some consider this relationship to be a case of mutualism, claiming that the anemonefish chases away other fish that might prey on the anemone.
Barnacle are sedentary, highly modified crustaceans resembling conical pyramids. Barnacles live by using long, feathering appendages to sweep the surrounding water for small, free-floating organisms. The critical resource for barnacles is a place to stay. Barnacles attach to rocks, ships, shells, whales, and just about anywhere else they can gain a foothold. In the example on the left the two barnacles are attached to the shell of a scallop. The barnacle gains a place to live and, presumably, the scallop is not harmed by the presence of the barnacles. Therefore the relationship is commensalism.
Pseudoscorpions are small, predaceous arthropods, mostly less than 1 centimeter is length. These scropion like animals have pincers (chlicera) like scorpions, but lack a sting. Pseudoscorpions are common, but usually overlooked because of their small size and because they are concealed in the soil or under the bark of trees.
A few species of pseudoscorpions disperse by concealing themselves under the wing covers (elyatra) of large beetles such as the cerambycid beetle shown below. The pseudoscorpions gain the advantage of being dispersed over wide areas while simulataneously being protected from predators. The beetle is, presumably, unaffected by the presence of the hitchhikers.
When one organism is helped and the other is harmed it is called parasitism. An example of parasitism would be a flea on a cat. The flea feeds on the blood of the cat, because of the loss of the blood the cat is harmed. Another example of paratism would be a tick and a deer. The tick does the same as the flea. The deer is harmed in the same way except that the tick can be poisonous.
2006-12-19 14:44:20
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answer #2
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answered by jamaica 5
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Tapeworms are a good example of a parasite. Commensalism...I think barnacles and whales exist in a commensalist relationship
2006-12-19 16:43:03
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answer #3
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answered by shadowsandfog 2
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