Where does coal and oil come from?

Question

Does coal derive from fossilized plants and oil from fossilized animals?

Answer 1

Coal is a sedimentary rock formed from plants that flourished millions of years ago when tropical swamps covered large areas of the world. Lush vegetation thrived in these swamps, vegetation such as sedges (grasslike flowering plants), reeds, and enormous ferns. Generations of this vegetation died and settled to the swamp bottom, and over time the organic material lost oxygen and hydrogen, leaving the material with a high percentage of carbon. Layers of mud and sand accumulated over the decomposed plant matter, compressing and hardening the organic material as the sediments deepened. Over millions of years, deepening sediment layers exerted tremendous heat and pressure on the underlying plant matter, which eventually became high-grade coal.

Petroleum, also known as oil, is formed under Earth’s surface by the decomposition of marine organisms. The remains of tiny organisms that live in the sea—and, to a lesser extent, those of land organisms that are carried down to the sea in rivers and of plants that grow on the ocean bottoms—are enmeshed with the fine sands and silts that settle to the bottom in quiet sea basins. Such deposits, which are rich in organic materials, become the source rocks for the generation of crude oil. The process began many millions of years ago with the development of abundant life, and it continues to this day. The sediments grow thicker and sink into the seafloor under their own weight. As additional deposits pile up, the pressure on the ones below increases several thousand times, and the temperature rises by several hundred degrees. The mud and sand harden into shale and sandstone; carbonate precipitates and skeletal shells harden into limestone; and the remains of the dead organisms are transformed into crude oil and natural gas.

Answer 2

Petroleum is formed under the earth's surface by the decomposition of marine organisms. The remains of tiny organisms that live in the sea-and, to a lesser extent, those of land organisms that are carried down to the sea in rivers and of plants that grow on the ocean bottoms-are enmeshed with the fine sands and silts that settle to the bottom in quiet sea basins. Such deposits, which are rich in organic materials, become the source rocks for the generation of crude oil. The process began many millions of years ago with the development of abundant life, and it continues to this day. The sediments grow thicker and sink into the seafloor under their own weight. As additional deposits pile up, the pressure on the ones below increases several thousand times, and the temperature rises by several hundred degrees. The mud and sand harden into shale and sandstone; carbonate precipitates and skeletal shells harden into limestone; and the remains of the dead organisms are transformed into crude oil and natural gas.
Once the petroleum forms, it flows upward in the earth's crust because it has a lower density than the brines that saturate the interstices of the shales, sands, and carbonate rocks that constitute the crust of the earth. The crude oil and natural gas rise into the microscopic pores of the coarser sediments lying above. Frequently, the rising material encounters an impermeable shale or dense layer of rock that prevents further migration; the oil has become trapped, and a reservoir of petroleum is formed. A significant amount of the upward-migrating oil, however, does not encounter impermeable rock but instead flows out at the surface of the earth or onto the ocean floor. Surface deposits also include bituminous lakes and escaping natural gas.



Coal, solid fuel of plant origin. In remote geological times, and particularly in the Carboniferous period, between 345 and 280 million years ago, much of the world was covered with luxuriant vegetation growing in swamps. Many of these plants were types of ferns, some as large as trees. This vegetation died and became submerged under water, where it gradually decomposed. As decomposition took place, the vegetable matter lost oxygen and hydrogen atoms, leaving a deposit with a high percentage of carbon. In this way peat bogs were formed (see Peat). As time passed, layers of sand and mud settled from the water over some of the peat deposits. The pressure of these overlying layers, as well as movements of the earth's crust and sometimes volcanic heat, acted to compress and harden the deposits, thus producing coal.
Various types of coal are classified according to fixed carbon content. Peat, the first stage in the formation of coal, has a low fixed carbon content and a high moisture content. The carbon content is greater in lignite, the lowest rank of coal. Bituminous coal has even more carbon and a correspondingly higher heating value. Anthracite coal has the highest carbon content and heating value. Coal may be transformed by further pressure and heat into graphite that is almost pure carbon. Other components of coal are volatile hydrocarbons, sulfur and nitrogen, and the minerals that remain as ash when the coal is burned.

Answer 3

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RE:
Where does coal and oil come from?
Does coal derive from fossilized plants and oil from fossilized animals?

Answer 4

Coal, oil and gas are collectively called fossil fuels, because they formed from organic (living) matter. Coal was formed from the plants that grew on earth millions of years ago. Imprints of these plants are called fossils and often appear on lumps of coal and adjacent rocks.
Thousands of years were required to accumulate the plant material needed to form even a thin layer of coal. Current estimates range from 9,000 to 12,000 years per foot of coal. Less time was required in cases where the plant material drifted into the area.
The deposition of a coal seam began with plant matter being deposited in water so it would not decay like plant matter does on dry land. Eventually, it became peat and with burial and compression (and time) became lignite. With further compression and heat, volatiles (like oils) were forced out, converting it to bituminous and finally to anthracite. Approximately 5 to 10 feet of plant matter was needed for each foot of coal.
This process of coal formation was repeated sporadically over many years, resulting in the formation of multiple coal seams separated by varying thicknesses of sediment and rock. The uppermost layers can often be seen in cuts along highways in hilly regions.

Answer 5

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Coal doesn't normally become oil and oil certainly doesn't become coal. Most exploited reserves of oil are formed from the squidged up remains of tiny sea organisms. Most exploited reserves of coal are from ancient swamps that were on land.

Answer 6

The World before the flood was a tropical paradise!God had a mist around the earth to keep out ultraviolet rays.man and animal lived for centurys.When God Had brought the flood on the earth water from the fountains of deep and rain above moved sediment in Layers as the flood waters decreased.the enormous pressure of current and water embedded plant and animal with great force.take for example the formation of the Grand Canyon ,Niagra falls and the Mammoth cave...there was oil and pitch before the flood as well.much of the coal comes from higher elevation as West Virginia,Pennsylvania and Kentucky this region is fertile in coal.To say millions of years is conjecture with all respect to science and creation as well!

Answer 7

well there are two kinds of coal one is derived fromfossilized plants and this one is mostly used in b&b paties for cooking food and live needs and the other kind is derived from the fossilized animals and this kind of coal u wont find it that much because peole will never wana use the coal which is derived from dead bodies. oil and coal and natural gas are usually derived from the fossilized plantes never heared that oil comes out from fossilized animals.

Answer 8

Zooplankton and plant remains