help biology question concerning insulin?

Question

Insulin, a protein molecule produced in the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans of the pancreas, is secreted directly into the bloodstream. Describe the pathway that an insulin molecule takes through the endomembrane system of the cell from transcription to secretion.

This answer needs to include information on transcription, modification of the original RNA transcript to make mRNA, and attachment of ribosomes to the ER to produce the insulin into the lumen of the ER.

Answer 1

Insulin is transcipted from the gene which I forgot the name. The pre-mRNA then moves out of the nucleus to the be spliced. The RNA is now called the mature RNA or the mRNA. With the introns removed, the remaining exons would give rise to the insulin protein. Before going into translation, there is an addition of the Poly A tail at the end of mRNA to maintain the integrity of the mRNA and signifies the end of translation. The mRNA is then translated in the RER which is your ribosome to give the strand of amino acid linked via peptide bond.

The strand of the amino acids will now undergo Post-translational modification which includes intein splicing, chemical modification such as phosphorylation, proteolytic cleavage and folding to give you the insulin protein.

I hope I may have you clear.

Answer 2

you can take the principles of any protein and apply them to insulin...although insulin is important, it doesnt undergo any different processes than any other excreted protein