The traits or characteristics of an organism are determined by genes. The gene for a particular trait can have two or more different forms, which are called alleles. For every gene, a person has two alleles, one inherited from each parent. The combination of inherited alleles represents the genetic makeup, or genotype, of the organism. The way a genotype is expressed in an organism is called its phenotype. For many traits the phenotype is a result of an interaction between the genotype and the environment.
For a specific trait, some alleles may be dominant while others may be recessive. The phenotype of a dominant allele is expressed regardless of what the other allele is, while the phenotype of a recessive allele is expressed only when both alleles are recessive. However, in some cases, one allele is not completely dominant over the other allele, and the resulting phenotype is a combination of each allele's phenotype. This is known as incomplete dominance. In addition, some traits are determined by a combination of several genes, and the resulting phenotype is determined by the final combination of alleles of all the genes that govern a particular trait.
2006-12-13 18:44:54
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answer #2
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answered by jamaica 5
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