life history of birsa munda?

Answer 1

Born- 15 November 1875,Ulihatu, Ranchi, India
Died- 9 June 1900,Ranchi Jail, Ranchi, India

Birsa Mundi was a Munda leader in the late 19th century political independence movement during the British Raj in India.

Early Childhood-

Born on a Thursday, in the year 1875, Birsa was named after the name of the day. Such was the custom of the Munda Tribe. There seems to be some confusion regarding the place of birth, if one goes by the folk songs. Both Ulihatu and Chalkad are mentioned as his birth places. Ulihatu is generally accepted as being correct due to the following - Sugana Munda, Birsa Munda's father was born in Ulihatu and Koma Munda, Birsa's eleder brother lived in Ulihatu where his house can still be seen.

Birsa was born in a bamboo hut which lacked a proper roof. Being a child of cropsharer parents this was the most his lot could provide him at birth. The folk songs which talk of his birth tend to embellish facts with biblical parallels. There is mention of comets and shooting stars moving across to Ulihatu from Chalkad, or that of a flag on a mountain. One of his teachers is supposed to have studied the boy's palm and seeing the mark of a crucifix on it, is supposed to have forecasted that the boy would recover the kingdom.

Spending the early years of his life at Chalked with his parents, Birsa led a life not much different from the other children of the tribe. Folklore refers to the boy playing in the sand and dust with friends. Young Birsa used to graze sheep in the forest of Bohonda and was good at playing the flute and the tuila (one stringed instrument made out of a pumpkin).

The Formative Years (1886-1894)-

The period from 1886 to 1890 are seen as the formative period for Birsa Munda during which he was at Chaibasa. Christianity had its impact on the young Birsa. This period is known for the German and Roman Catholic Christian agitation. Chaibasa was not far from the main activity hub of the Sardars'. Birsa fell in with people like Eliazer of Kasmar, Gidun of Piring, Yohanna of Chapari, Mika of Dabgama, Tenga of Katingkel and Bhutka of Rugri. One day while delivering a sermon in the Chaibasa mission attended by Birsa, Dr Nottrott expatiated on the theme of the Kingdom of Heaven, and assured them that if they remained Christians and followed his instructions, he could get back all lands they had lost.

Birsa who studied at Salga, Burju and at the Chaibasa English Middle School, used to think about the maladies of his society and found himself the strength of challenge the British Government. He provided the Mundas a leadership, a religion and a code of life which sought freedom and dignity. In 1894 the monsons failed and Chhotanagpur faced an epidemic and starvation. Birsa devotedly served his people.

On 1st October, 1894 the young Birsa led the Mundas to Chaibasa to petition for remission of forest dues, thus appearing as a leader for his tribe for the first time.

In 1895 he was arrested and underwent two year's rigorous imprisonment at Hazaribagh Central Jail. Birsa and his disciples set themselves the task of serving the famine-stricken and sick people. He became a legend during his lifetime and was called "Dharati Aba" (father of the earth) and was worshipped as "Birsa Bhagwan". As his influence increased, the movement among the Mundas gathered momentum.

The Mundas came into intermittent conflict with the British establishment from 1897 to 1900. In August, 1897 Birsa Munda along with 400 of his men armed with bows and arrows, attacked the Khunti Police Station.

In 1898, on the banks of the river Tanaga, the Mundas faced a British force which they initially defeated. Further action of the British however resulted in the arrest of many of the Tribe's men and women. In January 1900 a skirmish occurred on Dombari Hill where many men, women and children were killed while being addressed by Birsa Munda. Later some of the leading disciples of Birsa were arrested. He himself was finally arrested in Chakradharpur forest on 3rd February 1900.

He died in the Ranchi Jail. Even today, however, in areas of Orissa, Bihar, West Bengal and Madhya Pradesh "Bisa Bhagwan" is remembered as the young leader who threatened the British Raj with his slogan. "Abua Raj ste Jana, Maharani Raj tundu Jana"(Let the kingdom of the queen be ended and our kingdom be established) Material for text, courtesy: Shri B.K. Toppo, Secretary, Birsa Munda Statue Committee, Rourkela..

Answer 2

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life history of birsa munda?

Answer 3

Birsa Munda was a Munda leader in the late 19th century political independence movement during the British Raj in India.

Born on a Thursday, in the year 1875, Birsa was named after the name of the day. Such was the custom of the Munda Tribe. Birsa was born in a bamboo hut which lacked a proper roof. Being a child of cropsharer parents this was the most his lot could provide him at birth.

The period from 1886 to 1890 are seen as the formative period for Birsa Munda during which he was at Chaibasa. Christianity had its impact on the young Birsa. This period is known for the German and Roman Catholic Christian agitation. Chaibasa was not far from the main activity hub of the Sardars'. Birsa fell in with people like Eliazer of Kasmar, Gidun of Piring, Yohanna of Chapari, Mika of Dabgama, Tenga of Katingkel and Bhutka of Rugri. One day while delivering a sermon in the Chaibasa mission attended by Birsa, Dr Nottrott expatiated on the theme of the Kingdom of Heaven, and assured them that if they remained Christians and followed his instructions, he could get back all lands they had lost.

On 1st October, 1894 the young Birsa led the Mundas to Chaibasa to petition for remission of forest dues, thus appearing as a leader for his tribe for the first time. In 1895 he was arrested and underwent two year's rigorous imprisonment at Hazaribagh Central Jail.

He became a legend during his lifetime and was called "Dharati Aba" (father of the earth) and was worshipped as "Birsa Bhagwan". As his influence increased, the movement among the Mundas gathered momentum.

In August, 1897 Birsa Munda along with 400 of his men armed with bows and arrows, attacked the Khunti Police Station.

In 1898, on the banks of the river Tanaga, the Mundas faced a British force which they initially defeated. He himself was finally arrested in Chakradharpur forest on 3rd February 1900.

He died in the Ranchi Jail. Even today, however, in areas of Orissa, Bihar, West Bengal and Madhya Pradesh "Birsa Bhagwan" is remembered as the young leader who threatened the British Raj with his slogan. "Abua Raj ste Jana, Maharani Raj tundu Jana" ("(Let the kingdom of the queen be ended and our kingdom be established).

Answer 4

You can see detailed information on the following websites:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birsa_Munda
orissagov.nic.in/e-magazine/Orissareview/aug2004/engishPdf/Pages14-15.pdf
https://www.vedamsbooks.com/no28623.htm