What major changes have occured in bostons ethnic, racial and social class make up in the last fifty years?

Answer 1

There are a number of neighborhoods in Boston, Massachusetts. The city is notable for having one of the most attractive and livable urban cores in the country. Each neighborhood has a unique flair, characterized by the residents who call it home. Most neighborhoods have remained consistent in character, but in some instances have evolved over time.

Downtown Boston is the site of the financial district, Government Center, and Chinatown. The Back Bay, west of the Public Garden, is one of the wealthiest neighborhoods in the United States. Beacon Hill, another wealthy neighborhood, is the site of the Massachusetts State House. The Back Bay and Beacon Hill are home to national and local politicians, famous authors, and top business leaders and professionals.

The South End, south of the Back Bay, was once the home to a strong middle-class of merchants and seamen. It is now highly gentrified and is the center of the city's GLBT population. The neighborhood is also populated by artists, yuppies, African Americans, and Hispanics—it is noted for its restaurant scene and bohemian atmosphere. The North End and East Boston have a predominantly Italian composition. North End hosts many ethnic and cultural festivals as well as Italian eateries. On the north bank of the Charles River is Charlestown, a predominantly Irish enclave.
Aerial view of the Back Bay and Cambridge
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Aerial view of the Back Bay and Cambridge

Allston/Brighton is populated mostly by students from nearby Northeastern University, Boston University, and Boston College, as well as recent graduates.

Dorchester, being populated with every ethnic group, is probably the most diverse Boston neighborhood.Located next to Dorchester is South Boston, which is primarily comprised of Irish-Americans. Roxbury and Mattapan, located south of downtown, are populated largely by African Americans and Hispanic.

Other neighborhoods include: Bay Village, Jamaica Plain, Fenway/Kenmore, Hyde Park, Roslindale, and West Roxbury.


As of the census of 2000, there were 589,141 people, 239,528 households, and 115,212 families residing in the city. The population density was 12,166 people per square mile (4,697/km²). There were 251,935 housing units at an average density of 5,203 per square mile (2,009/km²). According to the census, the racial makeup of the city was 54.47% White, 25.33% Black or African American, 0.40% Native American, 7.52% Asian American, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 7.83% from other races, and 4.39% from two or more races. 14.44% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race. (These figures became less reliable because of the large Brazilian population, estimated by some studies to approach 250,000 in Massachusetts. Census data may not have fully accounted for this significant segment of the community because Brazilians speak Portuguese and often do not consider themselves to belong to one specific racial category, such as white or black, or to the Hispanic/Latino ethnic category.)

People of Irish descent form the largest single ethnic group in the city, making up 15.8% of the population. Italians also form a significant segment of the city's population, accounting for 8.3% of the population. People of West Indian ancestry are another sizeable group (6.4%); about half of them are of Haitian ancestry. Some neighborhoods, such as Dorchester, have received an influx of Vietnamese residents in the past few years.
Per capita income in the greater Boston area, by U.S. Census block group
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Per capita income in the greater Boston area, by U.S. Census block group

There were 239,528 households out of which 22.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 27.4% were married couples living together, 16.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 51.9% were non-families. 37.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 3.17.

In the city the population was spread out with 19.8% under the age of 18, 16.2% from 18 to 24, 35.8% from 25 to 44, 17.8% from 45 to 64, and 10.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $39,629, and the median income for a family was $44,151. Males had a median income of $37,435 versus $32,421 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,353. 19.5% of the population and 15.3% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 25.6% of those under the age of 18 and 18.2% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

Answer 2

undesirable/no manners/rudeness/being thoughtless Say "good morning" or "hi" contained in the workplace and the two few, or no one recognizes. retaining a door open, and a few bop by using, as though i'm meant to hold it open, with out asserting "thank you." no longer yielding on the acceleration ramp-or on any highway that has a "Yield" sign. Tailgating cut back-offs changing lanes w/o signaling. boring into ideal-of-way site visitors from a carpark; no longer waiting until site visitors's sparkling. Commuters putting their own property on the empty seat subsequent to them whilst the prepare's crowded. Ask them exact to "Please eliminate your bag" and you get an suggestions-set. they did no longer pay for that vacant seat! i think civility, attention and straightforward manners as we knew them, went the way of $.35 for a p.c.. of cigarettes.