how do rights in the body of the Constitution protect the political independence of public officials?

Question

and why is this protection important

Answer 1

In the body of the Constitution? The only right I can think of, that encourages political independence is voting. The idea is that, when public officials are too biased by special interests, and aren't really representing their constitutuents, voting them out of office sends the message to other poiticians to not do that. There is much more policial reform aimed at carrying out this goal, but such reform is carried out in statute.