What is the potential threat facing astronauts that leave the protective belt around the earth?

Question

The plan from China, America & Japan to construct moon bases will require the astronauts to leave the protective belt of the planet. What dangers form spatial radiotion will they face & how can they be overcome?

Answer 1

Galatic Cosmic radiation and solar radiation. This can be over come by generating a magnetic field around the astronauts. to deflect it similar the the natural one produced by earth. How ever the power to create a big enough magnetic field is enormouse. The problem is were do u get the energy in space to do this.

The real bad guy is Galactic Cosmic Radiation (GCR) produced in distant supernova explosions. It consists, in part, of very heavy positive ions--such as iron nuclei--zipping along at great speed. The combination of high mass and high speed makes these little atomic "cannon balls" very destructive. When they pierce through the cells in people's bodies, they can smash apart DNA, leading to illness and even cancer.

"It turns out that the worst materials you can use for shielding against GCR are metals," When a galactic comic ray hits a metallic atom, it can shatter the atom's nucleus--a process akin to the fission that occurs in nuclear power plants. The secondary radiation produced by these collisions can be worse than the GCR that the metal was meant to shield, Ironically, light elements like hydrogen and helium are the best defense against these GCR brutes, because collisions with them produce little secondary radiation. Some people have suggested surrounding the living quarters of the ship with a tank of liquid hydrogen. A layer of liquid hydrogen 50 to 100 cm thick would provide adequate shielding. But the tank and the cryogenic system is likely to be heavy and awkward. Here again, nanotubes might be useful. A lattice of carbon nanotubes can store hydrogen at high densities, and without the need for extreme cold. So if our spacecraft of the future already uses nanotubes as an ultra-lightweight structural material, could those tubes also be loaded up with hydrogen to serve as radiation shielding? Scientists are looking into the possibility

Answer 2

Radiation, the Van Allen belts deflect radiation from the sun which is why the International Space Station and Space Shuttle stay in low Earth orbit.

Answer 3

There are numerous organic phenomena which look after existence in the international from the unfriendly environment of area. first, is the earth's magnetic field, which deflects the "image voltaic Wind", a hail of charged ions that circulate outwards from the sunlight. It additionally protects us from harsh ionizing radiation that certainly happens interior the vacuum of area. Then there is the actually environment. The very skinny greater layers look after us from meteoroids, "area dirt", X-rays, charged debris, and "cosmic rays." Cosmic rays are extremely-severe skill atomic nuclei, that come careening with the aid of area at almost ninety 9.99995% of the fee of sunshine. while they collide with basic matter, they produce a bathtub of radiation. The decrease layers take up UV mild, furnish climate and precipitation, and insulate the earth against the sizzling warmth and extreme chilly of area. on the moon, which has no environment, areas in direct sunlight might attain 4 hundred°-500°, whilst areas interior the colour might in undemanding terms be approximately 50° above absolute 0, or approximately -2 hundred° centigrade. Atmospheric tension additionally keeps water in its liquid state. interior the vacuum of area, water will concurrently freeze and evaporate, very like dry ice. ~Donkey Hotei

Answer 4

Another threat would be meteorites or dust debris or anything large enough to cause damage to the space suits, instruments or structures. These debris can be unpredictable especially on the lunar surface, you only have to look at the landscape to see the devastation that can be caused. To overcome this they would need adequate shielding i.e a thick titanium plating or as suggested earlier they would need to build structures underground.

Answer 5

Almost nothing. When the apollo astronauts left teh earth, they were onyl exposed to enough radiation that it was equal to a couple of medical x-rays but that's about it. There wouldn't be any severe damage, ast least not that far out, further out there might be more problems, but i don't think it would be too bad.

Answer 6

I'd think a base on the moon would best be built underground, that would help avoid alot of problems they would face on the surface.

Answer 7

Worst thing is radiation from a solar flare frying them. A lead lined room is what you need.

Answer 8

Aluminium foil suits in a fetching mod cut and a bin liner "helmet".