A genetic map refers to the assignment of DNA fragments to chromosomes. When a genome is first investigated, this map is non existent. The map improves with the scientific progress and is perfect when the genomic DNA sequencing of the species has been completed. During this process, and for the investigation of differences in strain, the fragments are identified by small tags. These may be genetic markers (PCR products) or the unique sequence-dependent pattern of DNA-cutting enzymes. The ordering is derived from genetic observations (recombinant frequency) for these markers or in the second case from a computational integration of the fingerprinting data. The term "mapping" is used in two different but related contexts.\
Physical Mapping
Physical Mapping is the process of determining how DNA contained in a group of clones overlap without having to sequence all the DNA in the clones. Once the map is determined, we can use the clones as a resource to efficiently contain stretches of genome in large quantity.
In maps based on a genetic fingerprinting of the clones, the stretches of DNA are identified according to how they are cut by a restriction enzyme. Once cut, the DNA fragments are separated by electrophoresis. The resulting pattern of DNA migration (ie. its fingerprint) is used to identify what stretch of DNA is in the clone. By analysing the fingerprints, contigs are assembled by automated (FPC) or manual means (Pathfinders) into overlapping DNA stretches. Now a good choice of clones can be made to efficiently sequence the clones to determine the DNA sequence of the organism under study (seed picking).
Outlined above are alternative ways to investigate to create genetic maps (radiation hybrids, STS,...).
Genes can be mapped prior to the complete sequencing of a by independent approaches like in-situ hybridisation. Once the genome has been sequenced, in-silico approaches perform the gene finding. The such suggested genes are compared with the experimental evidence for the respective gene.
[edit] Disease-association
The process to identify a genetic element that signs responsible for a disease is also referred to as "mapping". If the locus in which the search is performed is already considerably constrained, the search is called the "fine-mapping" of a gene. This information is derived from the investigation of disease-manifestations in large families (Genetic linkage) or from populations-based genetic association studies.
2006-12-07 22:51:16
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answer #1
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answered by Anonymous
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Before I start, Question one million Can u additionally upload what are deosophiles(bugs?) So, improve sorry if it is a wastage of time for u. ''Sorry'' Question two: These matters might be utter stupidity, evaluating what u supposed by means of chromosomal evaluation.(?) I particularly might love to aid u (was once touched by means of ur begging..), however Your query is complicated. However, I've made up what I can along with your query. BUT, I STRONGLY RECOMMEND U TO SIMPLIFY THE QUESTION. PLEASE TRY TO DO SO, AS I WOULD BE then in a position provide the proper reply in your query. OK, HERE IS WHAT I'VE MADE. (one million)The allele for Long wings is 'L' and for brief/vestigial wings is 'l'. The dominant allele(u have not recounted, But I count on...) is for lengthy wings. So, the combo might be Ll. (two) The allele for black frame is g and allele for gray is G ¬In the case of lengthy wings, Generation one million(F1) might be of lengthy wings in view that, the ratio of Long wings to vestigial is four:four, which means that all might have lengthy wings. But they might be vendors of the recessive allele. However, within the moment new release(F2) the ratio of lengthy wings to vestigial might end up three:one million, with one in four being brief winged. ¬In the case of Black or gray frame, F1 new release might have a ratio of four:four, which means that all might have gray our bodies.(U recounted it, lol). But moment new release might have a ratio of three:one million, which means that of four, one million might be black bodied. ¬Total quantity in moment new release, F2= 1160+578+592 = 2330 According to the ratio, Number of Grey bodied= three/four*2330 =1747.five =1748(?) (a)Total gray bodied as according to the element= 1160+592 =1752 According to the ratio, quantity of black bodied=one million/four*2330 =582.five =583(?) (a)Total black bodied=578 ¬ A ccording to the ratio, quantity of lengthy winged= three/four*2330 = 1747.five =1748(?) (a)Total lengthy winged=1160+578 =1738 According to the ratio, quantity of brief/vestigial winged=one million/four*2330 =582.five =583(?) (a)Total brief winged=592 See, there's a change among your information effect and mine, which means that both people possibly unsuitable.. But go away that, Our whole quantity is 2330. SSSSSOOOOOOOOOOOOO, My assumptions are that(one million) there could've occured a mutation.(?)
2016-09-03 10:25:04
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answer #2
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answered by Anonymous
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