What are "polysystic ovaries" and what causes them?

Answer 1

What causes Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)?
No one knows the exact cause of PCOS. Women with PCOS frequently have a mother or sister with PCOS. But there is not yet enough evidence to say there is a genetic link to this disorder. Many women with PCOS have a weight problem. So researchers are looking at the relationship between PCOS and the body’s ability to make insulin. Insulin is a hormone that regulates the change of sugar, starches, and other food into energy for the body’s use or for storage. Since some women with PCOS make too much insulin, it’s possible that the ovaries react by making too many male hormones, called androgens. This can lead to acne, excessive hair growth, weight gain, and ovulation problems.

Why do women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) have trouble with their menstrual cycle?
The ovaries are two small organs, one on each side of a woman's uterus. A woman's ovaries have follicles, which are tiny sacs filled with liquid that hold the eggs. These sacs are also called cysts. Each month about 20 eggs start to mature, but usually only one becomes dominant. As the one egg grows, the follicle accumulates fluid in it. When that egg matures, the follicle breaks open to release the egg so it can travel through the fallopian tube for fertilization. When the single egg leaves the follicle, ovulation takes place.

In women with PCOS, the ovary doesn't make all of the hormones it needs for any of the eggs to fully mature. They may start to grow and accumulate fluid. But no one egg becomes large enough. Instead, some may remain as cysts. Since no egg matures or is released, ovulation does not occur and the hormone progesterone is not made. Without progesterone, a woman’s menstrual cycle is irregular or absent. Also, the cysts produce male hormones, which continue to prevent ovulation.

Answer 2

Polysystic ovaries are considered PCOS. Its a syndrome that no one knows the exact cause of PCOS. Women with PCOS frequently have a mother or sister with PCOS. But there is not yet enough evidence to say there is a genetic link to this disorder. Many women with PCOS have a weight problem. So researchers are looking at the relationship between PCOS and the body’s ability to make insulin. Since some women with PCOS make too much insulin, it’s possible that the ovaries react by making too many male hormones, called androgens. This can lead to acne, excessive hair growth, weight gain, and ovulation problems.

Answer 3

Polycystic is a term that simply means "many cysts." The polycystic ovary typically contains many small - usually less than 1 centimeter - cysts (fluid-filled sacs). These cysts are usually arranged around the surface of the ovary, just below the surface layer of the ovary. When examined directly or by ultrasound, these small cysts commonly are said to have a string-of-pearls appearance. The ovaries of affected women can be slightly enlarged when compared to unaffected ovaries.

www.womentowomen.com has more information on this.

Answer 4

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Answer 5

Polycystic is a term that simply means "many cysts."
Each month our ovaries begin to ripen a number of follicles.
When ovaries become polycystic they create a lot of follicles that form like a pearl necklace on the ovaries.
For the most part, these multiple ovarian cysts are not dangerous in themselves.