Which of the following are true statements for the given compound in aqueous solution ?

Question

a) HCl : A Bronsted acid and a Lewis acid

b) HN3 : A Bronsted base, but not a Lewis base

c) CH3COOH : A Bronsted acid and a Lewis acid

d) Ni 2+(aq) : A Bronsted acid, but not a Lewis acid

e) CH3CH2CH2CH3 : Neutral, not an acid or base of any kind

Answer 1

1. A Bronsted-Lowry (BL) acid must be able to give up H+
A BL base accepts H+

2. A Lewis base must have a (lone) pair of electrons available
A Lewis acid must be able to accept an electron pair.

3. All BL acids and bases are also Lewis acids and bases, but
not all Lewis acids and bases are BL.

a) true! HCl + H2O ---> H3O+ + Cl- (BL) and see point 3
above

b) false ! NH3 + H2O ---> NH4+ + OH- (BL)
and NH3 has a lone pair it can donate (L)

c) true ! CH3COOH + H2O ---> H3O+ + CH3COO- (BL)
and see point 3 above

d) false! Its a Lewis acid (see point 2 above), but not a BL
acid (see point 1 above)

e) true ! no H+ that it can donate, no electron pairs to play with

Answer 2

A Bronsted base is maximum oftentimes seen a substance which could settle for protons (hydrogen ions), at the same time as a Lewis base is any molecule or ion which could form a clean coordinate covalent bond, by employing donating a pair of electrons. So a) is real ammonia can settle for a proton and would donate apair of electrons. in comparison to a Brønsted-Lowry acid, which continually transfers a hydrogen ion (H+), a Lewis acid would be any electrophile (including H+). even with the undeniable fact that each physique Brønsted-Lowry acids are Lewis acids, in uncomplicated utilization the term Lewis acid is often reserved for those Lewis acids that are no longer Brønsted-Lowry acids. in comparison to a Brønsted-Lowry acid, which continually transfers a hydrogen ion (H+), a Lewis acid would be any electrophile (including H+). even with the undeniable fact that each physique Brønsted-Lowry acids are Lewis acids, in uncomplicated utilization the term Lewis acid is often reserved for those Lewis acids that are no longer Brønsted-Lowry acids. b) in uncomplicated utilization hi is a Brønsted-Lowry acid and hence no longer seen as a Lewis acid (even with the undeniable fact that it particularly is). Sp it particularly is real. c) Acetic acid can donate a proton and so it particularly is a Brønsted-Lowry acid and so this is fake. d) Copper Ion can't donate a proton, so this is fake. e) butane can't donate a proton, so this is fake. precis a and b are real, at the same time as c, d and e are fake.